室外空气污染与婴儿死亡率：对英国10个城市的每日时间序列数据的分析
Outdoor air pollution and infant mortality: analysis of daily time-series data in 10 English cities.
作者信息
Hajat Shakoor, Armstrong Ben, Wilkinson Paul, Busby Araceli, Dolk Helen
机构信息
Public & Environmental Health Research Unit, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
出版信息
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2007 Aug;61(8):719-22. doi: 10.1136/jech.2006.053942.
BACKGROUND
There is growing concern that moderate levels of outdoor air pollution may be associated with infant mortality, representing substantial loss of life-years. To date, there has been no investigation of the effects of outdoor pollution on infant mortality in the UK.
METHODS
Daily time-series data of air pollution and all infant deaths between 1990 and 2000 in 10 major cities of England: Birmingham, Bristol, Leeds, Liverpool, London, Manchester, Middlesbrough, Newcastle, Nottingham and Sheffield, were analysed. City-specific estimates were pooled across cities in a fixed-effects meta-regression to provide a mean estimate.
RESULTS
Few associations were observed between infant deaths and most pollutants studied. The exception was sulphur dioxide (SO2), of which a 10 mug/m(3) increase was associated with a RR of 1.02 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.04) in all infant deaths. The effect was present in both neonatal and postneonatal deaths.
CONCLUSIONS
Continuing reductions in SO2 levels in the UK may yield additional health benefits for infants.
背景
人们越来越担心，中等程度的室外空气污染可能与婴儿死亡率相关，这意味着生命年的大量损失。迄今为止，英国尚未对室外污染对婴儿死亡率的影响进行调查。
方法
分析了1990年至2000年间英格兰10个主要城市（伯明翰、布里斯托尔、利兹、利物浦、伦敦、曼彻斯特、米德尔斯堡、纽卡斯尔、诺丁汉和谢菲尔德）的空气污染每日时间序列数据以及所有婴儿死亡情况。在固定效应元回归中汇总各城市的特定城市估计值，以提供平均估计值。
结果
在婴儿死亡与所研究的大多数污染物之间几乎未观察到关联。二氧化硫（SO2）是个例外，在所有婴儿死亡中，每立方米增加10微克与相对危险度为1.02（95%可信区间为1.01至1.04）相关。这种影响在新生儿和新生儿后期死亡中均存在。
结论
英国持续降低二氧化硫水平可能会给婴儿带来额外的健康益处。
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