Korosteleva S N, Smith T K, Boermans H J
Department of Animal and Poultry Science, Ontario Agriculture College, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1.
J Dairy Sci. 2007 Aug;90(8):3867-73. doi: 10.3168/jds.2007-0162.
Little is known about the effects of feedborne Fusarium mycotoxins on the performance, metabolism, and immunity of dairy cattle. A total mixed ration (TMR) containing a blend of feedstuffs naturally contaminated with Fusarium mycotoxins was fed for 56 d to 18 midlactation Holstein cows (average milk production, 33 kg/d) in a completely randomized design with repeated measures that included 3 treatments: 1) a control diet, 2) a contaminated diet, and 3) a contaminated diet + 0.2% polymeric glucomannan mycotoxin adsorbent (GMA). Wheat, corn, and hay were the contaminated feedstuffs used in the study. Deoxynivalenol was the major contaminant and was found in the TMR at levels of up to 3.6 microg/g of dry matter. Body weight, body condition score, dry matter intake, net energy balance, milk production, milk composition, somatic cell count, blood serum chemistry, hematology, serum Ig concentrations, and coagulation profile were measured. Dry matter intake and body weight, as well as milk production, milk composition, and SCC, were not affected by diet. Total serum protein and globulin levels increased significantly in cows fed the contaminated TMR compared with cows fed the control diet at 42 d, whereas the albumin:globulin ratio decreased. Serum urea concentrations were significantly elevated throughout the experiment in cows fed the contaminated diet compared with those fed the control diet. Serum IgA concentrations decreased significantly in cows fed the contaminated TMR at 36 d of feeding. Feeding GMA prevented these effects. Serum sodium concentration and osmolality levels were increased throughout the experiment in all cows fed the contaminated diets. We concluded that feed naturally contaminated with Fusarium mycotoxins can affect the metabolic parameters and immunity of dairy cows and that GMA can prevent some of these effects.
关于饲料源镰刀菌霉菌毒素对奶牛生产性能、新陈代谢和免疫力的影响，人们了解甚少。在一项完全随机设计且包含重复测量的试验中，给18头处于泌乳中期的荷斯坦奶牛（平均产奶量为33千克/天）投喂了56天含有自然污染镰刀菌霉菌毒素的混合饲料的全混合日粮（TMR），试验包括3种处理：1）对照日粮；2）污染日粮；3）污染日粮 + 0.2%的聚合葡萄糖甘露聚糖霉菌毒素吸附剂（GMA）。小麦、玉米和干草是本研究中使用的受污染饲料原料。脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇是主要污染物，在TMR中的含量高达3.6微克/克干物质。测量了体重、体况评分、干物质采食量、净能量平衡、产奶量、牛奶成分、体细胞计数、血清化学指标、血液学指标、血清免疫球蛋白浓度和凝血指标。干物质采食量、体重以及产奶量、牛奶成分和体细胞计数不受日粮影响。与饲喂对照日粮的奶牛相比，在42天时，饲喂受污染TMR的奶牛血清总蛋白和球蛋白水平显著升高，而白蛋白:球蛋白比值降低。在整个试验过程中，与饲喂对照日粮的奶牛相比，饲喂污染日粮的奶牛血清尿素浓度显著升高。在饲喂36天时，饲喂受污染TMR的奶牛血清IgA浓度显著降低。投喂GMA可防止这些影响。在整个试验过程中，所有饲喂污染日粮的奶牛血清钠浓度和渗透压水平均升高。我们得出结论，自然污染镰刀菌霉菌毒素的饲料会影响奶牛的代谢参数和免疫力，而GMA可以预防其中一些影响。
