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艰难梭菌中编码对四环素和红霉素耐药性的基因之间遗传连锁的检测。

Detection of a genetic linkage between genes coding for resistance to tetracycline and erythromycin in Clostridium difficile.

作者信息

Spigaglia Patrizia, Barbanti Fabrizio, Mastrantonio Paola

机构信息

Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.

出版信息

Microb Drug Resist. 2007 Summer;13(2):90-5. doi: 10.1089/mdr.2007.723.

Abstract

Elements carrying more than one antibiotic resistance gene have never been found in Clostridium difficile, one of the major causes of nosocomial diarrheic diseases. In this study, C. difficile isolates were investigated for a possible genetic linkage between tet(M) and erm(B), the most frequent genes found in strains resistant to tetracycline and erythromycin. In the majority of C. difficile strains, tet(M) is carried by Tn5397. However, tet(M) genes carried by Tn916-like elements have been found in recent clinical isolates. As far as erythromycin resistance is concerned, the only completely characterized transposon harboring an erm(B) gene in C. difficile is Tn5398, even if ErmB determinants probably carried by other elements have been identified. Among the 100 C. difficile isolates screened in this study, 27 were positive for tet(M) and erm(B). Twenty five of these strains were positive for tndX, used as marker for Tn5397, whereas two were positive for int, used as marker for Tn916-like elements. The latter isolates showed two tet(M) genes: one was carried by a Tn916-like element, able to transfer to a recipient C. difficile strain, whereas the second was genetically linked to an erm(B) in a composite element probably unable to conjugate. Molecular analysis of C. difficile cd1911 tet(M)-erm(B) DNA sequence demonstrated that this region has arisen by recombination of DNA fragments from different plasmids and transposons. This is the first demonstration that C. difficile is able to accumulate and maintain antibiotic resistance genes, as observed in other pathogens.

摘要

艰难梭菌是医院内腹泻疾病的主要病因之一,从未发现携带多种抗生素抗性基因的元件。在本研究中,对艰难梭菌分离株中tet(M)和erm(B)(四环素和红霉素抗性菌株中最常见的基因)之间可能存在的遗传联系进行了调查。在大多数艰难梭菌菌株中,tet(M)由Tn5397携带。然而,在最近的临床分离株中发现了由Tn916样元件携带的tet(M)基因。就红霉素抗性而言,艰难梭菌中唯一完全表征的携带erm(B)基因的转座子是Tn5398,即使已经鉴定出可能由其他元件携带的ErmB决定簇。在本研究筛选的100株艰难梭菌分离株中,27株tet(M)和erm(B)呈阳性。其中25株tndX呈阳性,tndX用作Tn5397的标记,而两株int呈阳性,int用作Tn916样元件的标记。后一种分离株显示有两个tet(M)基因:一个由Tn916样元件携带,能够转移到受体艰难梭菌菌株中,而另一个在一个可能无法接合的复合元件中与erm(B)存在遗传联系。对艰难梭菌cd1911 tet(M)-erm(B) DNA序列的分子分析表明,该区域是由来自不同质粒和转座子的DNA片段重组产生的。这是首次证明艰难梭菌能够像其他病原体一样积累和维持抗生素抗性基因。

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