Bava A J, Robles A M, Negroni R, Arechavala A, Bianchi M
Unidad Micología, Hospital de Infecciosas Francisco J. Muñiz, Uspallata 2272, CP 1282, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Rev Iberoam Micol. 1997 Sep;14(3):111-4.
Some epidemiological characteristics of 253 cases of cryptococcosis (CRY) diagnosed between 1981 and 1993 in the Muñiz Hospital (MH) of Buenos Aires City, were studied. The incidence of CRY associated with AIDS (CRY+AIDS) in the MH during 1983-1993, could be divided into 3 periods: between 1983 and 1988 1-3 cases a year were diagnosed; during 1989-91, the number of cases dopubled annually and in 1992-93 the annual increment was lower. CRY associated with predisposing causes other than AIDS (CRY+non AIDS) exhibited an annual incidence of 0-3 cases during the whole period studied. CRY was more frequent in males (86%). The difference between sexes was more evident in CRY+AIDS patients (88% males) than CRY+non AIDS ones (65% males). The median age (MA) of the studied population was 28 (range 10-71) years; 27 (10-48) in women and 29 (17-71) in men. CRY+AIDS and CRY+non AIDS patients exhibited a MA of 29 (17-51) and 40 years (10-71), respectively. AIDS was the predisposing factor in 92% of patients; 65% of them were intravenous drug abusers and 22% homosexual males, with a MA of 27 (17-40) and 33 (23-55) years, respectively. Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans was isolated from all CRY+AIDS and 79% of CRY+non AIDS patients and the gattii variety (Serotype B) produced 4 (21%) cases of CRY+non AIDS.
对1981年至1993年间在布宜诺斯艾利斯市穆尼兹医院（MH）诊断出的253例隐球菌病（CRY）病例的一些流行病学特征进行了研究。1983年至1993年期间，MH中与艾滋病相关的隐球菌病（CRY+AIDS）的发病率可分为3个时期：1983年至1988年，每年诊断出1至3例；1989年至1991年，病例数每年翻倍；1992年至1993年，年增幅较低。在整个研究期间，与艾滋病以外的易感因素相关的隐球菌病（CRY+非艾滋病）的年发病率为0至3例。CRY在男性中更为常见（86%）。CRY+AIDS患者（88%为男性）的性别差异比CRY+非艾滋病患者（65%为男性）更为明显。研究人群的中位年龄（MA）为28岁（范围10至71岁）；女性为27岁（10至48岁），男性为29岁（17至71岁）。CRY+AIDS和CRY+非艾滋病患者的MA分别为29岁（17至51岁）和40岁（10至71岁）。艾滋病是92%患者的易感因素；其中65%为静脉吸毒者，22%为同性恋男性，中位年龄分别为27岁（17至40岁）和33岁（23至55岁）。新型隐球菌新型变种从所有CRY+AIDS患者和79%的CRY+非艾滋病患者中分离出来，而加蒂变种（血清型B）导致了4例（21%）CRY+非艾滋病病例。
