Concheiro Marta, de Castro Ana, Quintela Oscar, Cruz Angelines, López-Rivadulla Manuel
Forensic Toxicology Service, Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Forensic Sci Int. 2007 Aug 6;170(2-3):156-62. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2007.03.034. Epub 2007 Jul 20.
The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of two current on-site oral fluid (OF) drug detection devices (OraLab and Dräger), as part of the Spanish participation in the Roadside Testing Assessment Project (ROSITA Project). The study was done in collaboration with the Spanish Traffic Police, in Galicia (NW Spain), during 2004 and 2005. A total of 468 drivers selected at the police controls agreed to participate through informed consent. In addition, saliva samples were collected and sent to the laboratory to confirm the on-site results. For this purpose, two different analytical liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) methods were used to detect 11 drugs or metabolites in a 300 microL sample. Simultaneous analysis of morphine, 6-acetylmorphine, amphetamine, methamphetamine, MDA, MDMA, MDEA, MBDB, cocaine and benzoylecgonine was carried out using 100 microL of oral fluid, after an automated solid phase extraction. A different LC-MS method was performed to detect Delta(9)-THC in 200 microL of oral fluid using liquid-liquid extraction with hexane at pH 6. Both methods were fully validated, including linearity (1-250 ng/mL, 2-250 ng/mL) recovery (>50%), within-day and between-day precision (CV<15%), accuracy (mean relative error<15%), limit of detection (0.5 and 1 ng/mL), quantitation (1 and 2 ng/mL) and matrix effect. All of the positive cases and a random selection of 30% of the negatives were analyzed for confirmation analysis. Good results (sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value>90%) were obtained for cocaine and opiates by OraLab, and for cocaine by Dräger. However, the results for the other compounds could be improved for both detection devices. Differences in the ease of use and in the interpretation mode (visual or instrumental) were observed.
本研究的目的是评估两种当前的现场口腔液（OF）药物检测设备（OraLab和德尔格）的有效性，这是西班牙参与路边测试评估项目（ROSITA项目）的一部分。该研究于2004年至2005年期间与西班牙加利西亚（西班牙西北部）的交通警察合作进行。在警方检查中挑选出的468名司机通过知情同意后同意参与。此外，收集唾液样本并送往实验室以确认现场检测结果。为此，使用两种不同的分析液相色谱 - 质谱（LC - MS）方法在300微升样本中检测11种药物或代谢物。在自动固相萃取后，使用100微升口腔液对吗啡、6 - 乙酰吗啡、苯丙胺、甲基苯丙胺、MDA、MDMA、MDEA、MBDB、可卡因和苯甲酰芽子碱进行同时分析。采用不同的LC - MS方法，通过在pH 6下用己烷进行液 - 液萃取，在200微升口腔液中检测Δ⁹ - 四氢大麻酚。两种方法均经过全面验证，包括线性（1 - 250 ng/mL，2 - 250 ng/mL）、回收率（>50%）、日内和日间精密度（CV<15%）、准确度（平均相对误差<15%）、检测限（0.5和1 ng/mL）、定量限（1和2 ng/mL）以及基质效应。对所有阳性病例和随机选取的30%的阴性病例进行确认分析。OraLab对可卡因和阿片类药物以及德尔格对可卡因均取得了良好结果（灵敏度、特异性、准确度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值>90%）。然而，两种检测设备对其他化合物的检测结果仍有待改进。观察到了使用便利性和解读方式（视觉或仪器）方面的差异。
