Anderssen Sigmund A, Cooper Ashley R, Riddoch Chris, Sardinha Luis B, Harro Maarike, Brage Søren, Andersen Lars B
Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2007 Aug;14(4):526-31. doi: 10.1097/HJR.0b013e328011efc1.
Few studies have investigated the association between maximal cardiorespiratory capacity (fitness) and the clustered cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in children and youth from culturally diverse countries. This cross-sectional study examined the association between fitness and clustered CVD risk in children and adolescents from three European countries.
Participants were 2845 randomly selected school children aged 9 or 15 years from Portugal (n=944), Denmark (n=849) and Estonia (n=1052). Cardiorespiratory fitness was determined during a maximal test on a cycle ergometer. CVD risk factors selected to assess the degree of clustering were the total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, plasma triglycerides, insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment), sum of four skinfolds, and systolic blood pressure.
There was a strong association between cardiorespiratory fitness and the clustering of CVD risk factors. The odds ratios for clustering in each quartile of fitness, using the quartile with the highest fitness as reference, were 13.0 [95% confidence interval (CI) 8.8-19.1]; 4.8 (95% CI 3.2-7.1) and 2.5 (95% CI 1.6-3.8), respectively, after adjusting for country, age, sex, socio-economic status, pubertal stage, family history of CVD and diabetes. In stratified analyses by age group, sex and country, similar strong patterns were observed.
Low cardiorespiratory fitness is strongly associated with the clustering of CVD risk factors in children independent of country, age and sex.
很少有研究调查来自文化多元国家的儿童和青少年的最大心肺功能（健康状况）与心血管疾病（CVD）风险聚集之间的关联。这项横断面研究考察了来自三个欧洲国家的儿童和青少年的健康状况与心血管疾病风险聚集之间的关联。
参与者是从葡萄牙（n = 944）、丹麦（n = 849）和爱沙尼亚（n = 1052）随机选取的2845名9岁或15岁的在校儿童。通过在自行车测力计上进行最大测试来测定心肺功能。为评估聚集程度而选择的心血管疾病风险因素包括总胆固醇/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值、血浆甘油三酯、胰岛素抵抗（稳态模型评估）、四处皮褶厚度之和以及收缩压。
心肺功能与心血管疾病风险因素的聚集之间存在密切关联。以健康状况最高的四分位数为参照，在对国家、年龄、性别、社会经济地位、青春期阶段、心血管疾病家族史和糖尿病进行校正后，健康状况各四分位数中聚集的比值比分别为13.0 [95%置信区间（CI）8.8 - 19.1]；4.8（CI 95% 3.2 - 7.1）和2.5（CI 95% 1.6 - 3.8）。在按年龄组、性别和国家进行的分层分析中，观察到了类似的密切模式。
儿童的低心肺功能与心血管疾病风险因素的聚集密切相关，且不受国家、年龄和性别的影响。
