Rosner Mitchell H, Kirven Justin
Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007 Jan;2(1):151-61. doi: 10.2215/CJN.02730806. Epub 2006 Nov 29.
Exercise-associated hyponatremia has been described after sustained physical exertion during marathons, triathlons, and other endurance athletic events. As these events have become more popular, the incidence of serious hyponatremia has increased and associated fatalities have occurred. The pathogenesis of this condition remains incompletely understood but largely depends on excessive water intake. Furthermore, hormonal (especially abnormalities in arginine vasopressin secretion) and renal abnormalities in water handling that predispose individuals to the development of severe, life-threatening hyponatremia may be present. This review focuses on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and therapy of exercise-associated hyponatremia.
马拉松、铁人三项及其他耐力运动赛事中持续剧烈运动后，出现了运动相关性低钠血症。随着这些赛事日益普及，严重低钠血症的发生率有所上升，并出现了相关死亡病例。这种病症的发病机制仍未完全明确，但很大程度上取决于过量饮水。此外，可能存在激素方面（尤其是精氨酸血管加压素分泌异常）以及肾脏对水的处理异常，这些因素使个体易发生严重的、危及生命的低钠血症。本综述重点关注运动相关性低钠血症的流行病学、发病机制及治疗。
