Rhyner Matthew N, Smith Andrew M, Gao Xiaohu, Mao Hui, Yang Lily, Nie Shuming
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry, Hematology and Oncology, and the Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Nanomedicine (Lond). 2006 Aug;1(2):209-17. doi: 10.2217/17435889.1.2.209.
Nanometer-sized particles, such as semiconductor quantum dots and iron oxide nanocrystals, have novel optical, electronic, magnetic or structural properties that are not available from either molecules or bulk solids. When linked with tumor-targeting ligands, such as monoclonal antibodies, peptide fragments of tumor-specific proteins or small molecules, these nanoparticles can be used to target tumor antigens (biomarkers) and tumor vasculatures with high affinity and specificity. In the mesoscopic size range of 5-100 nm diameter, quantum dots and related nanoparticles have large surface areas and functional groups that can be linked to multiple diagnostic (e.g., optical, radioisotopic or magnetic) and therapeutic (e.g., anticancer) agents. In this review, recent advances in the development and applications of bioconjugated quantum dots and multifunctional nanoparticles for in vivo tumor imaging and targeting are discussed.
纳米级颗粒，如半导体量子点和氧化铁纳米晶体，具有新颖的光学、电子、磁性或结构特性，这些特性是分子或块状固体所不具备的。当与肿瘤靶向配体，如单克隆抗体、肿瘤特异性蛋白质的肽片段或小分子连接时，这些纳米颗粒可用于以高亲和力和特异性靶向肿瘤抗原（生物标志物）和肿瘤脉管系统。在直径为5-100nm的介观尺寸范围内，量子点和相关纳米颗粒具有较大的表面积和官能团，可与多种诊断（如光学、放射性同位素或磁性）和治疗（如抗癌）剂连接。在这篇综述中，将讨论生物共轭量子点和多功能纳米颗粒在体内肿瘤成像和靶向方面的开发与应用的最新进展。
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