Science. 1980 Feb 15;207(4432):734-8. doi: 10.1126/science.207.4432.734.
We examined the circumstances of death and injury among victims of the tornado that struck Wichita Falls, Texas, on 10 April 1979. We also assessed the protective measures taken by a representative sample of community residents who suffered no major injury in order to estimate the relative risk of injury to people directly in the tornado's path. Twenty-six (60 percent) of the 43 traumatic deaths and 30 (51 percent) of the 59 serious injuries occurred in people who, despite ample warning, went to their cars to drive out of the storm's path. These people had a risk of serious or fatal injury of 23 per 1000. People who remained indoors and in stationary homes were at relatively low risk (3 per 1000) if they took simple precautions; people in mobile homes were at greatest risk (85 per 1000). Current safety recommendations and housing codes for single family homes and mobile homes need to be amended to decrease the impact of future tornadoes on human health.
我们调查了 1979 年 4 月 10 日袭击德克萨斯州威奇托福尔斯的龙卷风造成的伤亡情况。我们还评估了一个代表性的社区居民样本所采取的保护措施，这些居民没有受到重大伤害，以便估计直接处于龙卷风路径中的人受伤的相对风险。在 43 例创伤性死亡和 59 例严重受伤中，有 26 例（60%）发生在尽管有充足的预警，但仍前往汽车以驶离风暴路径的人身上。这些人严重或致命伤害的风险为每 1000 人 23 人。如果采取简单的预防措施，留在室内和固定住宅中的人风险相对较低（每 1000 人 3 人）；住在移动房屋中的人风险最大（每 1000 人 85 人）。需要修订针对单户住宅和移动房屋的当前安全建议和住房法规，以减少未来龙卷风对人类健康的影响。
