Gomez-Merino D, Drogou C, Guezennec C Y, Chennaoui M
Department of Physiology, IMASSA, B.P. 73, 91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge Cedex, France.
Cytokine. 2007 Oct;40(1):23-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2007.07.188. Epub 2007 Sep 7.
White adipose tissue (WAT) is a major source of production of cytokines involved in chronic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and atherosclerosis. Long-term exercise has been proposed as a therapy to reduce chronic inflammation. We investigated here the influence of an intense exercise training (over 7 weeks) on several cytokine concentrations including interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), IL-1beta, and IL-12 in serum, WAT, and skeletal muscle (SM) from non-obese rats. Two groups of 10 rats were investigated: one group was progressively trained (the two last weeks: 120min per day, 25m/min, 7% grade, 5 days per week) and the other age-matched group was used as a sedentary control. Compared to sedentary rats, weight gain was lower in the trained rats (P<0.01). In WAT, concentrations of IL-1ra, IL-1beta, and IL-12 were lower (P<0.001 for IL-1ra and IL-12, P<0.05 for IL-1beta) while they were higher in SM (P<0.01 for IL-1ra, P<0.001 for IL-1beta, P<0.05 for IL-12), and similar in serum. Significant correlations were noted between (i) body weight and WAT concentrations of IL-1ra, IL-1beta, and IL-12 (0.595, 0.450, and 0.481, respectively), (ii) body weight and IL-1beta concentration in SM (-0.526). We also observed significant negative correlations between WAT and SM concentrations of the three cytokines. We show here for the first time that intense exercise training with weight loss reduced concentrations of IL-1ra, IL-1beta, and IL-12 in WAT, while it increased them in SM. These results suggest that exercise could help reduce inflammation in WAT through mobilization of immune cells producing pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in SM.
白色脂肪组织（WAT）是参与肥胖、2型糖尿病和动脉粥样硬化等慢性疾病的细胞因子的主要产生来源。长期运动已被提议作为一种减轻慢性炎症的疗法。我们在此研究了高强度运动训练（超过7周）对非肥胖大鼠血清、白色脂肪组织和骨骼肌（SM）中几种细胞因子浓度的影响，这些细胞因子包括白细胞介素1受体拮抗剂（IL-1ra）、IL-1β和IL-12。对两组各10只大鼠进行了研究：一组进行渐进式训练（最后两周：每天120分钟，速度25米/分钟，坡度7%，每周5天），另一组年龄匹配的大鼠作为久坐对照组。与久坐的大鼠相比，训练组大鼠的体重增加较少（P<0.01）。在白色脂肪组织中，IL-1ra、IL-1β和IL-12的浓度较低（IL-1ra和IL-12为P<0.001，IL-1β为P<0.05），而在骨骼肌中它们较高（IL-1ra为P<0.01，IL-1β为P<0.001，IL-12为P<0.05），在血清中则相似。在（i）体重与白色脂肪组织中IL-1ra、IL-1β和IL-12的浓度之间（分别为0.595、0.450和0.481），（ii）体重与骨骼肌中IL-1β浓度之间（-0.526）发现了显著相关性。我们还观察到这三种细胞因子在白色脂肪组织和骨骼肌中的浓度之间存在显著的负相关。我们首次在此表明，伴随体重减轻的高强度运动训练降低了白色脂肪组织中IL-1ra、IL-1β和IL-12的浓度，而在骨骼肌中则使其增加。这些结果表明，运动可能通过调动骨骼肌中产生促炎和抗炎细胞因子的免疫细胞来帮助减轻白色脂肪组织中的炎症。
