Huxtable Richard, Möller Maaike
Centre for Ethics in Medicine, University of Bristol, Cotham Hill, UK.
Bioethics. 2007 Mar;21(3):117-26. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8519.2007.00535.x.
The Dutch case of Brongersma presents novel challenges to the definition and evaluation of voluntary euthanasia since it involved a doctor assisting the suicide of an individual who was (merely?) 'tired of life'. Legal officials had called on the courts to 'set a principled boundary', excluding such cases from the scope of permissible voluntary euthanasia, but they arguably failed. This failure is explicable, however, since the case seems justifiable by reference to the two major principles in favour of that practice, respect for autonomy and beneficence. Ultimately, it will be argued that those proponents of voluntary euthanasia who are wary of its use in such circumstances may need to draw upon 'practical' objections, in order to erect an otherwise arbitrary perimeter. Furthermore, it will be suggested that the issues raised by the case are not peculiarly Dutch in nature and that, therefore, there are lessons here for other jurisdictions too.
荷兰的布龙格斯马案给自愿安乐死的定义和评估带来了新的挑战,因为它涉及一名医生协助一名(仅仅是?)“厌倦生活”的人自杀。法律官员曾呼吁法院“设定一个原则界限”,将此类案件排除在允许的自愿安乐死范围之外,但他们可能没有成功。然而,这种失败是可以解释的,因为从支持这种做法的两个主要原则,即尊重自主权和行善的角度来看,这个案件似乎是合理的。最终,有人会认为,那些对在这种情况下使用自愿安乐死持谨慎态度的支持者可能需要借鉴“实际”的反对意见,以便建立一个否则就是任意的界限。此外,有人会提出,该案件引发的问题本质上并非荷兰所特有,因此,其他司法管辖区也能从中吸取教训。