Shih Andre C, Robertson Sheilah, Isaza Natalie, Pablo Luisito, Davies Wendy
Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610-136, USA.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2008 Jan;35(1):69-79. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2007.00352.x. Epub 2007 Sep 7.
To compare the analgesic effects of buprenorphine, carprofen, and their combination in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy.
Prospective, randomized blinded clinical study.
60 dogs.
Treatments were buprenorphine 0.02 mg kg(-1), intramuscularly (IM) (group B); carprofen 4 mg kg(-1), subcutaneously (SC) (group C); or a combination of both (group CB). Anesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with isoflurane. A Dynamic Interactive Visual Analog Scale (DIVAS, 0-100 mm) and the Glasgow Composite Pain Scale (GCMPS, 0-24) were used to evaluate comfort and sedation at baseline, 2, 4, 6, and 24 hours after extubation. Rescue analgesia was provided with buprenorphine (0.02 mg kg(-1)). Wound swelling measurements (WM) and a visual inflammation score (VIS) of the incision were made after surgery and 2, 4, 6, and 24 hours later. p < 0.05 was considered significant.
Group C required more propofol (5.0 +/- 1.4 mg kg(-1)) compared with B (3.3 +/- 1.1 mg kg(-1)) and CB (3.2 +/- 0.7 mg kg(-1)); respectively, p = 0.0002 and 0.0001. Rescue analgesia was required in nine dogs. B had a higher GCMPS and DIVAS III score at 6 hours (2.6 +/- 2.5) and (23 +/- 22.5 mm) compared with C (1.0 +/- 1.3, 6 +/- 7.3 mm) and CB (1.5 +/- 1.4, 8 +/- 10.7 mm); respectively, p = 0.02 and 0.006. Group C had a lower sedation score at 2 hours (43 +/- 23.6 mm) compared with B (68 +/- 32.1 mm) and BC (69 +/- 22.1 mm); respectively, p = 0.03 and 0.004. Group B had a higher WM score at 2 hours (3 +/- 0.8 mm) compared with C (2 +/- 0.6 mm) p = 0.01 and at 6 hours (3 +/- 1 mm) compared with C (2 +/- 0.8 mm) and CB (2 +/- 0.8 mm); respectively, p = 0.01 and 0.008. VIS was not different between groups.
All treatments provided satisfactory analgesia for the first 6 hours and at 24 hours. C and CB pain score and WS were superior to B at 6 hours. No superior analgesic effect was noted when the drugs were combined.
比较丁丙诺啡、卡洛芬及其联合用药对接受卵巢子宫切除术的犬的镇痛效果。
前瞻性、随机双盲临床研究。
60只犬。
治疗组分别为肌肉注射（IM）0.02 mg/kg丁丙诺啡（B组）；皮下注射（SC）4 mg/kg卡洛芬（C组）；或两者联合用药（CB组）。采用丙泊酚诱导麻醉，异氟烷维持麻醉。使用动态交互式视觉模拟评分法（DIVAS，0 - 100 mm）和格拉斯哥综合疼痛评分法（GCMPS，0 - 24）在拔管后基线、2、4、6和24小时评估舒适度和镇静程度。使用丁丙诺啡（0.02 mg/kg）进行解救镇痛。术后及术后2、4、6和24小时测量伤口肿胀程度（WM）和切口视觉炎症评分（VIS）。p < 0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
与B组（3.3 ± 1.1 mg/kg）和CB组（3.2 ± 0.7 mg/kg）相比，C组需要更多的丙泊酚（分别为5.0 ± 1.4 mg/kg）；p值分别为0.0002和0.0001。9只犬需要进行解救镇痛。与C组（1.0 ± 1.3，6 ± 7.3 mm）和CB组（1.5 ± 1.4，8 ± 10.7 mm）相比，B组在6小时时的GCMPS和DIVAS III评分更高（分别为2.6 ± 2.5和23 ± 22.5 mm）；p值分别为0.02和0.006。与B组（68 ± 32.1 mm）和BC组（69 ± 22.1 mm）相比，C组在2小时时的镇静评分更低（43 ± 23.6 mm）；p值分别为0.03和0.004。与C组（2 ± 0.6 mm）相比，B组在2小时时的WM评分更高（3 ± 0.8 mm），p = 0.01；与C组（2 ± 0.8 mm）和CB组（2 ± 0.8 mm）相比，B组在6小时时的WM评分更高（3 ± 1 mm）；p值分别为0.01和0.008。各组间VIS无差异。
所有治疗方法在前6小时和24小时均提供了满意的镇痛效果。C组和CB组在6小时时的疼痛评分和WS优于B组。联合用药时未观察到更好的镇痛效果。
