Wilkinson Paul, Smith Kirk R, Joffe Michael, Haines Andrew
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Lancet. 2007 Sep 15;370(9591):965-78. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(07)61252-5.
The exploitation of fossil fuels is integral to modern living and has been a key element of the rapid technological, social, and cultural changes of the past 250 years. Although such changes have brought undeniable benefits, this exploitation has contributed to a burden of illness through pollution of local and regional environments, and is the dominant cause of climate change. This pattern of development is therefore unsustainable at a global level. At the same time, about 2.4 billion of the world's population, disadvantaged by lack of access to clean energy, are exposed to high levels of indoor air pollutants from the inefficient burning of biomass fuels. Even in high-income countries, many people live in fuel poverty, and throughout the world, increasingly sedentary lifestyles (to which fossil-fuel-dependent transport systems contribute) are leading to chronic disease and injuries. Energy security is also an issue of growing concern to many governments in both the developed and developing world, and a potential source of international tension and conflict. In this Series, we examine the opportunities to improve health, reduce climate effects, and promote development through realistic adjustments in the way energy and food are produced and consumed.
化石燃料的开采是现代生活不可或缺的一部分，并且一直是过去250年里技术、社会和文化快速变革的关键要素。尽管这些变革带来了不可否认的益处，但这种开采通过污染当地和区域环境导致了疾病负担，并且是气候变化的主要原因。因此，这种发展模式在全球层面是不可持续的。与此同时，世界上约24亿人口因无法获取清洁能源而处于不利地位，他们因生物质燃料低效燃烧而暴露于高水平的室内空气污染物中。即使在高收入国家，许多人也生活在能源贫困之中，而且在全世界，越来越多的久坐不动的生活方式（依赖化石燃料的交通系统也助长了这种生活方式）正导致慢性病和伤害。能源安全也是发达世界和发展中世界许多政府日益关注的问题，并且是国际紧张局势和冲突的一个潜在根源。在本系列文章中，我们探讨通过对能源和食物的生产与消费方式进行切实可行的调整来改善健康、减少气候影响以及促进发展的机会。
