Pfluger Jennifer, Wagner Doris
Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2007 Dec;10(6):645-52. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2007.07.013. Epub 2007 Sep 19.
In all eukaryotes chromatin physically restricts the accessibility of the genome to regulatory proteins such as transcription factors. Plant model systems have been instrumental in demonstrating that this restriction is dynamic and changes during development and in response to exogenous cues. Among the multiple epigenetic mechanisms that alter chromatin to regulate gene expression, histone modifications play a major role. Recent studies in Arabidopsis have provided the first genome-wide histone modification maps, revealed important biological roles for histone modifications, and advanced our understanding of stimulus-dependent changes in histone modifications.
在所有真核生物中,染色质在物理上限制了基因组对转录因子等调控蛋白的可及性。植物模型系统在证明这种限制是动态的且在发育过程中以及对外源信号的响应中会发生变化方面发挥了重要作用。在多种改变染色质以调控基因表达的表观遗传机制中,组蛋白修饰起着主要作用。最近在拟南芥中的研究提供了首张全基因组组蛋白修饰图谱,揭示了组蛋白修饰的重要生物学作用,并增进了我们对组蛋白修饰中刺激依赖性变化的理解。