Goodman David W
Johns Hopkins at Green Spring Station, Lutherville, MD 21093, USA.
J Psychiatr Pract. 2007 Sep;13(5):318-27. doi: 10.1097/01.pra.0000290670.87236.18.
Until recently, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was a diagnosis reserved for children and adolescents as it was believed to dissipate before adulthood. New evidence, however, supports the persistence of ADHD beyond adolescence, and it is now recognized as a chronic neurobehavioral disorder in adults. Adults with ADHD have difficulties with school, work, family interactions, and social activities. Although treatments are available for adult ADHD, many patients never receive an accurate diagnosis that would afford them appropriate therapeutic intervention. If left untreated, adult ADHD can cause significant personal, social, and economic burdens that can have a negative impact on overall quality of life. This article discusses how ADHD presents in adults and the effects of the disorder on educational, occupational, interpersonal, and social functioning. Currently available treatments for ADHD in adults are also reviewed.
直到最近，注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）一直是儿童和青少年特有的诊断，因为人们认为它在成年前会消失。然而，新的证据表明ADHD在青春期后仍会持续存在，现在它被公认为是一种成人慢性神经行为障碍。患有ADHD的成年人在学业、工作、家庭互动和社交活动方面存在困难。虽然有针对成人ADHD的治疗方法，但许多患者从未得到能让他们获得适当治疗干预的准确诊断。如果不进行治疗，成人ADHD会导致重大的个人、社会和经济负担，对整体生活质量产生负面影响。本文讨论了ADHD在成年人中的表现以及该疾病对教育、职业、人际和社交功能的影响。同时也对目前可用的成人ADHD治疗方法进行了综述。
