Berterö Carina, Vanhanen Maria, Appelin Gunilla
Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linkping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Acta Oncol. 2008;47(5):862-9. doi: 10.1080/02841860701654333.
Lung cancer is a disease with many biomedical and psychological symptoms. The diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer induces adverse effects. Having an inoperable lung cancer there are few possibilities of being cured. Management of patients with inoperable disease is directed at relieving local or systemic symptoms. The purpose of this study is to describe how it affects the patients' life situation and quality of life. Data was collected by qualitative interviews where the patient's lived experiences were articulated. Twenty-three Swedish patients diagnosed and starting palliative treatment for inoperable lung cancer were interviewed. The interviews were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim. Data were interpreted trough interpretive phenomenology. Six themes were identified that were important for the informants' experience of their life situation and quality of life. The themes were: Experience of uncertainty; including time of waiting and thoughts, experience of hope; about a prolonged life, network as support; being treated as the person they are thoughts of death; is there time to conclude their lives?, feelings of shame and guilt; they have caused the disease by themselves and next of kin reactions; sadness, guilt, worries and anger. These six themes gave a structure presenting the essence: Living as usual. Maintaining independency and integrity were important, as well as maintaining status, being treated as the person they always had been and that they experience that they had a meaning to fulfill in life. They were living as usual. The findings of this study point out the importance of improving the care of people afflicted with lung cancer, as well as promoting support for the next of kin, since they are significantly important for these patients' experiences of quality of life. This knowledge and understanding will be useful for development of interventions and guidelines for treatment.
肺癌是一种伴有多种生物医学和心理症状的疾病。肺癌的诊断和治疗会产生不良影响。患有无法手术的肺癌几乎没有治愈的可能。对患有无法手术疾病的患者的管理旨在缓解局部或全身症状。本研究的目的是描述它如何影响患者的生活状况和生活质量。通过定性访谈收集数据，在访谈中阐述患者的生活经历。对23名被诊断为无法手术的肺癌并开始接受姑息治疗的瑞典患者进行了访谈。访谈进行了录音并逐字转录。通过解释现象学对数据进行解释。确定了六个对受访者的生活状况和生活质量体验很重要的主题。这些主题是：不确定性体验，包括等待时间和想法；希望体验，关于延长生命；作为支持的人际关系网；被当作真实的自己对待；死亡的想法，是否有时间结束自己的生命；羞耻和内疚感，他们认为是自己导致了疾病；以及亲属的反应，悲伤、内疚、担忧和愤怒。这六个主题构建了一个呈现本质的结构：照常生活。保持独立和完整很重要，保持地位、被当作一直以来的自己对待以及体验到自己在生活中有意义要实现也很重要。他们照常生活。本研究的结果指出了改善肺癌患者护理的重要性，以及促进对亲属的支持的重要性，因为这些对这些患者的生活质量体验非常重要。这些知识和理解将有助于制定干预措施和治疗指南。
