Adams Daniel L, Sincich Lawrence C, Horton Jonathan C
Beckman Vision Center, Program in Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143-0730, USA.
J Neurosci. 2007 Sep 26;27(39):10391-403. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2923-07.2007.
The occipital lobes were obtained after death from six adult subjects with monocular visual loss. Flat-mounts were processed for cytochrome oxidase (CO) to reveal metabolic activity in the primary (V1) and secondary (V2) visual cortices. Mean V1 surface area was 2643 mm2 (range, 1986-3477 mm2). Ocular dominance columns were present in all cases, having a mean width of 863 microm. There were 78-126 column pairs along the V1 perimeter. Human column patterns were highly variable, but in at least one person they resembled a scaled-up version of macaque columns. CO patches in the upper layers were centered on ocular dominance columns in layer 4C, with one exception. In this individual, the columns in a local area resembled those present in the squirrel monkey, and no evidence was found for column/patch alignment. In every subject, the blind spot of the contralateral eye was conspicuous as an oval region without ocular dominance columns. It provided a precise landmark for delineating the central 15 degrees of the visual field. A mean of 53.1% of striate cortex was devoted to the representation of the central 15 degrees. This fraction was less than the proportion of striate cortex allocated to the representation of the central 15 degrees in the macaque. Within the central 15 degrees, each eye occupied an equal territory. Beyond this eccentricity, the contralateral eye predominated, occupying 63% of the cortex. In one subject, monocular visual loss began at age 4 months, causing shrinkage of ocular dominance columns. In V2, which had a larger surface area than V1, CO stripes were present but could not be classified as thick or thin.
从六名成年单眼视力丧失受试者死后获取枕叶。制作脑片标本用于细胞色素氧化酶（CO）处理，以揭示初级视皮层（V1）和次级视皮层（V2）的代谢活性。V1平均表面积为2643平方毫米（范围为1986 - 3477平方毫米）。所有病例均存在眼优势柱，平均宽度为863微米。沿V1周边有78 - 126对柱。人类的柱模式高度可变，但至少在一人中它们类似于猕猴柱的放大版本。上层的CO斑块以4C层的眼优势柱为中心，但有一个例外。在该个体中，局部区域的柱类似于松鼠猴的柱，未发现柱/斑块对齐的证据。在每个受试者中，对侧眼的盲点作为一个没有眼优势柱的椭圆形区域很明显。它为描绘视野中央15度提供了精确的标志。平均53.1%的纹状皮层用于中央15度视野的表征。这个比例低于猕猴中分配给中央15度视野表征的纹状皮层比例。在中央15度范围内，每只眼睛占据相等的区域。在这个偏心度之外，对侧眼占主导，占据63%的皮层。在一名受试者中，单眼视力丧失始于4个月大时，导致眼优势柱萎缩。在表面积比V1大的V2中，存在CO条纹，但无法分类为粗条纹或细条纹。
