Favero Luca Giuseppe, Pisoni Andrea, Paganelli Corrado
Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
Eur J Orthod. 2007 Oct;29(5):443-8. doi: 10.1093/ejo/cjm062.
The possibility of using osseointegrated implants for orthodontic anchorage is well known. When absolute orthodontic anchorage is needed, mini-implants can be inserted in the non-alveolar bone area (e.g. palatal process or retromolar areas of the mandible). However, what happens to these implants at the end of treatment can be a problem as neither trephine explantation nor simply leaving the subgingival part of the implant in the bone permanently are acceptable solutions. In this investigation, 16 Exacta small screw titanium implants (Exacta MS series conical profile, with a diameter of 3.3 mm and a length of 7.0 mm) were used as indirect orthodontic anchorage in 16 adult patients. The site of implant placement was established based on radiological investigations. There were eight palatal and eight retromolar implants inserted in seven males and nine females (mean age 30.3 years). On completion of treatment, the implants were unscrewed to the maximum limits of their removal torque values (RTVs) and the obtained data were analysed using a t-test. An in vitro study before the clinical trial was also undertaken to determine the maximum mechanical resistance of the unscrewing system. The clinical procedure and average RTV (67.91 +/- 12.47 N/cm) were considered compatible with safe, non-invasive removal of the implant followed by rapid anatomical reconstruction of the area involved.
使用骨结合种植体作为正畸支抗的可能性是众所周知的。当需要绝对正畸支抗时，可将微型种植体植入非牙槽骨区域（如下颌骨的腭突或磨牙后区）。然而，治疗结束时这些种植体的情况可能会成为一个问题，因为环钻取出术和将种植体龈下部分永久留在骨内都不是可接受的解决方案。在本研究中，16枚Exacta小型钛钉种植体（Exacta MS系列锥形，直径3.3mm，长度7.0mm）被用作16例成年患者的间接正畸支抗。种植体植入部位根据影像学检查确定。在7名男性和9名女性（平均年龄30.3岁）中植入了8枚腭部种植体和8枚磨牙后种植体。治疗结束后，将种植体拧松至其去除扭矩值（RTV）的最大极限，并使用t检验分析获得的数据。在临床试验前还进行了一项体外研究，以确定拧松系统的最大机械阻力。临床操作和平均RTV（67.91 +/- 12.47 N/cm）被认为与安全、无创取出种植体并随后对相关区域进行快速解剖重建兼容。
