Oswald William E, Lescano Andrés G, Bern Caryn, Calderon Maritza M, Cabrera Lilia, Gilman Robert H
Asociación Benéfica Proyectos en Informática, Salud, Medicina, y Agricultura (A.B. PRISMA), Lima, Peru.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2007 Oct;77(4):699-704.
We assessed fecal contamination of drinking water in households in 2 peri-urban communities of Lima, Peru. We measured Escherichia coli counts in municipal source water and, within households, water from principal storage containers, stored boiled drinking water, and water in a serving cup. Source water was microbiologically clean, but 26 (28%) of 93 samples of water stored for cooking had fecal contamination. Twenty-seven (30%) of 91 stored boiled drinking water samples grew E. coli. Boiled water was more frequently contaminated when served in a drinking cup than when stored (P < 0.01). Post-source contamination increased successively through the steps of usage from source water to the point of consumption. Boiling failed to ensure safe drinking water at the point of consumption because of easily contaminated containers and poor domestic hygiene. Hygiene education, better point-of-use treatment and storage options, and in-house water connections are urgently needed.
我们评估了秘鲁利马两个城郊社区家庭饮用水的粪便污染情况。我们测定了城市水源水中的大肠杆菌数量，并在家庭内部，对主要储水容器中的水、储存的煮沸饮用水以及水杯中的水进行了检测。水源水在微生物学上是清洁的，但93份用于烹饪的储水样本中有26份（28%）受到了粪便污染。91份储存的煮沸饮用水样本中有27份（30%）检测出大肠杆菌。与储存时相比，当煮沸的水倒入水杯中时，其受到污染的频率更高（P < 0.01）。从水源水到消费点，在使用过程中，水源后污染程度依次增加。由于容器易受污染以及家庭卫生条件差，煮沸并不能确保消费点的饮用水安全。迫切需要开展卫生教育、提供更好的使用点处理和储存选择以及室内供水连接。
