Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2010 Mar;82(3):473-7. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0320.
Boiling is the most common means of treating water in the home and the benchmark against which alternative point-of-use water treatment options must be compared. In a 5-week study in rural Guatemala among 45 households who claimed they always or almost always boiled their drinking water, boiling was associated with a 86.2% reduction in geometric mean thermotolerant coliforms (TTC) (N = 206, P < 0.0001). Despite consistent levels of fecal contamination in source water, 71.2% of stored water samples from self-reported boilers met the World Health Organization guidelines for safe drinking water (0 TTC/100 mL), and 10.7% fell within the commonly accepted low-risk category of (1-10 TTC/100 mL). As actually practiced in the study community, boiling significantly improved the microbiological quality of drinking water, though boiled and stored drinking water is not always free of fecal contaminations.
煮沸是家庭中最常用的水处理方法，也是衡量其他即时用水处理方法的基准。在危地马拉农村进行的一项为期 5 周的研究中，有 45 户家庭声称他们总是或几乎总是将饮用水煮沸，结果表明，煮沸与几何平均耐热大肠菌群（TTC）减少 86.2%相关（N=206，P<0.0001）。尽管水源中存在持续的粪便污染，但在自我报告的锅炉中，有 71.2%的储存水样符合世界卫生组织安全饮用水指南（0 TTC/100 mL），10.7%属于通常接受的低风险类别（1-10 TTC/100 mL）。在研究社区的实际应用中，煮沸显著提高了饮用水的微生物质量，但煮沸和储存的饮用水并不总是没有粪便污染。
