Meeran Syed Musthapa, Katiyar Santosh Kumar
Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Front Biosci. 2008 Jan 1;13:2191-202. doi: 10.2741/2834.
The development of cancer is associated with disorders in the regulation of the cell cycle. The purpose of this review is to briefly summarize the known sequence of events that regulate cell cycle progression with an emphasis on the checkpoints and the mechanisms cell employ to insure DNA stability in the face of genotoxic stress. Key transitions in the cell cycle are regulated by the activities of various protein kinase complexes composed of cyclin and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) molecules. The cyclins are CDK binding partners which are required for kinase activity and their protein levels are intimately linked to the cell cycle stage. CDK activity can be regulated by other mechanisms, such as phosphorylation events, that may contribute to deregulation of cell cycle and the development of cancer. While fruits and vegetables are recommended for prevention of cancer, their active ingredients and mechanisms of action are less well understood. Here, we briefly present evidence that dietary agents identified from fruits and vegetables can act to modulate the effects of deregulated cell cycle checkpoints, and that this may contribute to the prevention of cancer. The agents include apigenin (celery, parsley), curcumin (turmeric), (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (green tea), resveratrol (red grape, peanuts and berries), genistein (soybean), and silymarin (milk thistle). The teachings of Hippocrates are still true "let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food".
癌症的发展与细胞周期调控紊乱有关。本综述的目的是简要总结调节细胞周期进程的已知事件序列，重点关注检查点以及细胞在面对基因毒性应激时确保DNA稳定性所采用的机制。细胞周期中的关键转变由各种由细胞周期蛋白和细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶（CDK）分子组成的蛋白激酶复合物的活性调节。细胞周期蛋白是CDK的结合伴侣，是激酶活性所必需的，其蛋白质水平与细胞周期阶段密切相关。CDK活性可通过其他机制调节，如磷酸化事件，这可能导致细胞周期失调和癌症的发展。虽然推荐食用水果和蔬菜来预防癌症，但其活性成分和作用机制尚不太清楚。在这里，我们简要介绍证据表明，从水果和蔬菜中鉴定出的膳食成分可以调节细胞周期检查点失调的影响，这可能有助于预防癌症。这些成分包括芹菜素（芹菜、欧芹）、姜黄素（姜黄）、（-）-表没食子儿茶素-3-没食子酸酯（绿茶）、白藜芦醇（红葡萄、花生和浆果）、染料木黄酮（大豆）和水飞蓟素（水飞蓟）。希波克拉底的教诲仍然正确：“让食物成为你的药物，让药物成为你的食物”。
