Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Cambridge, UK.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2007 Nov 8;4:53. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-4-53.
Interventions to promote physical activity frequently target hypothesized mediators of change, but these might be affected by a person's awareness of their own physical activity behavior. The paper aims to characterize a high-risk population by levels of awareness and to study associations between awareness and selected personal, behavioral and psychosocial factors.
Data were collected on physical activity behavior, physical activity awareness, behavioral and psychosocial factors and anthropometry cross-sectionally at 6-month follow-up in a physical activity promotion trial. Awareness was assessed by comparing dichotomous self-rated physical activity with achieving activity levels according to international guidelines. Four groups were distinguished: 'Realistic Active', 'Realistic Inactive', 'Overestimator', and 'Underestimator'. Data were analyzed with ANCOVA, correcting for previous interventions and current physical activity level.
Of 632 participants (mean age: 56.3 years), 321 were inactive, 61.4% of whom rated themselves as active ('Overestimators'). Compared to 'Realistic Inactives', 'Overestimators' were older, less likely to be smokers or to intend to increase their physical activity level, and had a lower body mass index. Furthermore, 'Overestimators' had similar scores to the 'Realistic Actives' on the psychological factors, but differed significantly from the 'Realistic Inactives'.
People who overestimate their physical activity level appear to be healthier than people who aware of their low activity level. Overestimators also scored more positively on various psychosocial factors and were also less likely to intend to change their physical activity behavior, making awareness a potential barrier in physical activity promotion. Physical activity promotion strategies might include interventions with a focus on increasing awareness in this hard to reach population.
促进身体活动的干预措施通常针对假设的变化中介，但这些可能会受到一个人对自己身体活动行为的认识的影响。本文旨在通过对身体活动意识水平的描述来确定高危人群，并研究意识与选定的个人、行为和心理社会因素之间的关系。
在一项身体活动促进试验中，在 6 个月的随访时，通过比较二分法自我评估的身体活动与根据国际指南达到的活动水平来评估身体活动意识，同时收集身体活动行为、身体活动意识、行为和心理社会因素以及人体测量数据。根据实际活动水平，将参与者分为“现实活跃”、“现实不活跃”、“高估者”和“低估者”四个组别。采用 ANCOVA 进行数据分析，校正以前的干预和当前的身体活动水平。
在 632 名参与者（平均年龄：56.3 岁）中，有 321 人不活跃，其中 61.4%的人自评活跃（“高估者”）。与“现实不活跃者”相比，“高估者”年龄更大，吸烟或打算增加身体活动水平的可能性更低，且体重指数更低。此外，“高估者”在心理因素方面与“现实活跃者”的得分相似，但与“现实不活跃者”存在显著差异。
高估自己身体活动水平的人似乎比意识到自己活动水平低的人更健康。高估者在各种心理社会因素上的得分也更高，而且改变身体活动行为的意愿也较低，这使得意识成为身体活动促进的潜在障碍。身体活动促进策略可能包括以提高这一难以接触人群的意识为重点的干预措施。
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