Fargher Emily A, Eddy Charlotte, Newman William, Qasim Faieza, Tricker Karen, Elliott Rachel A, Payne Katherine
Nowgen - A Centre for Genetics in Healthcare, The Nowgen Centre, 29 Grafton Street, Manchester M13 9WU, UK.
Pharmacogenomics. 2007 Nov;8(11):1511-9. doi: 10.2217/14622416.8.11.1511.
There is limited empirical evidence on patients' and healthcare professionals' views on the provision of pharmacogenetic testing services. These opinions may be used to shape the development of emerging pharmacogenetic services and inform healthcare professionals' future educational requirements.
To explore patients' and healthcare professionals' views about pharmacogenetic testing services and their future development.
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients who had been prescribed azathioprine for autoimmune conditions and prevention of acute rejection in renal transplantation. Focus groups were conducted with a range of healthcare professionals. Interviews and focus groups were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed using the constant comparative method.
The views of 42 individuals - 25 patients and 17 healthcare professionals - were explored in depth. Key themes emerging from the data were: patients' and healthcare professionals' knowledge and experience of pharmacogenetics; expectations about how such a testing service could be used; and characteristics of service delivery. Knowledge and experience of pharmacogenetics varied. Pharmacogenetics was perceived to be of benefit by both groups. Patients gave opinions about pharmacogenetic services based on their experiences of illness, taking medicines and using healthcare services. Healthcare professionals based their opinions on how existing services are provided and access to limited healthcare resources. Patients had strong feelings about how this service should be delivered and expected high standards of explanation about potential pharmacogenetic tests. None of the healthcare professionals questioned expected to have responsibility for the future delivery of pharmacogenetic testing services.
There is no clear model of how pharmacogenetic tests will be delivered in clinical practice. Patients expect to receive pharmacogenetic services from healthcare professionals who are able to explain the test, and interpret the implications for prescribing, with confidence. The gap between patients' high expectations for information and healthcare professionals' current knowledge and reluctance to deliver pharmacogenetic services highlights the urgent need for better education and training of healthcare professionals in pharmacogenetics.
关于患者和医疗保健专业人员对药物遗传学检测服务提供的看法，实证证据有限。这些意见可用于塑造新兴药物遗传学服务的发展，并为医疗保健专业人员未来的教育需求提供参考。
探讨患者和医疗保健专业人员对药物遗传学检测服务及其未来发展的看法。
对因自身免疫性疾病或预防肾移植急性排斥反应而服用硫唑嘌呤的患者进行了半结构化访谈。对一系列医疗保健专业人员进行了焦点小组讨论。访谈和焦点小组讨论均进行了录音，并逐字转录。使用持续比较法对数据进行了分析。
深入探讨了42个人的观点，其中包括25名患者和17名医疗保健专业人员。数据中出现的关键主题包括：患者和医疗保健专业人员对药物遗传学的知识和经验；对如何使用此类检测服务的期望；以及服务提供的特点。对药物遗传学的知识和经验各不相同。两组都认为药物遗传学有益。患者根据他们的疾病经历、服药情况和使用医疗服务的情况对药物遗传学服务发表了意见。医疗保健专业人员的意见基于现有服务的提供方式和获得有限医疗资源的情况。患者对该服务的提供方式有强烈的感受，并期望对潜在的药物遗传学检测有高标准的解释。预计没有一名接受询问的医疗保健专业人员会对未来药物遗传学检测服务的提供负责。
在临床实践中，尚无明确的药物遗传学检测提供模式。患者期望从能够自信地解释检测结果并解读其对处方影响的医疗保健专业人员那里获得药物遗传学服务。患者对信息的高期望与医疗保健专业人员目前的知识以及提供药物遗传学服务的不情愿之间的差距，凸显了对医疗保健专业人员进行更好的药物遗传学教育和培训的迫切需求。
