Kharbouche Hicham, Augsburger Marc, Cherix Daniel, Sporkert Frank, Giroud Christian, Wyss Claude, Champod Christophe, Mangin Patrice
Institut Universitaire de Médecine Légale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, rue du Bugnon 21, CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Int J Legal Med. 2008 May;122(3):205-11. doi: 10.1007/s00414-007-0217-z. Epub 2007 Dec 7.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of insect larvae as samples for toxicological investigations. For this purpose, larvae of Lucilia sericata were reared on samples of minced pig liver treated with different concentrations of codeine: therapeutic, toxic, and potentially lethal doses. Codeine was detected in all tested larvae, confirming the reliability of these specimens for qualitative toxicology analysis. Furthermore, concentrations measured in larvae were correlated with levels in liver tissue. These observations bring new elements regarding the potential use of opiates concentrations in larvae for estimation of drug levels in human tissues. Morphine and norcodeine, two codeine metabolites, have been also detected at different concentrations depending on the concentration of codeine in pig liver and depending on the substance itself. The effects of codeine on the development of L. sericata were also investigated. Results showed that a 29-h interval bias on the evaluation of the larval stage duration calculated from the larvae weight has to be considered if codeine was present in the larvae substrate. Similarly, a 21-h interval bias on the total duration of development, from egg to imago, has to be considered if codeine was present in the larvae substrate.
本研究的目的是评估昆虫幼虫作为毒理学调查样本的可靠性。为此，将丝光绿蝇幼虫饲养在经不同浓度可待因处理的猪肝碎末样本上：治疗剂量、中毒剂量和潜在致死剂量。在所有测试的幼虫中均检测到可待因，证实了这些样本用于定性毒理学分析的可靠性。此外，在幼虫中测得的浓度与肝组织中的水平相关。这些观察结果为利用幼虫中阿片类药物浓度来估计人体组织中的药物水平带来了新的因素。还检测到了吗啡和去甲可待因这两种可待因代谢物，其浓度因猪肝中可待因的浓度以及物质本身的不同而有所差异。还研究了可待因对丝光绿蝇发育的影响。结果表明，如果幼虫底物中存在可待因，则在根据幼虫体重计算幼虫阶段持续时间的评估中必须考虑29小时的间隔偏差。同样，如果幼虫底物中存在可待因，则在从卵到成虫的整个发育持续时间的评估中必须考虑21小时的间隔偏差。
