Meixner Daniela, Schneider Sylke, Krause Markus, Sterry Wolfram
Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy, Charité, Berlin, Germany.
J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2008 Mar;6(3):189-96. doi: 10.1111/j.1610-0387.2007.06492.x. Epub 2007 Dec 17.
Acne inversa is a chronic inflammatory skin disease featuring cutaneous and subcutaneous nodular inflammation, fistula formation and discharge of foul-smelling secretions. The disease can lead to functional impairment and psychological problems. There is inflammation of the terminal hair follicles in intertriginous regions, especially perianal, axillary and inguinal areas. Less often there is submammary, periumbilical, retroauricular or nuchal involvement. Without treatment the disease is chronic and progressive. The causes of acne inversa are multifactorial and pathogenesis is still not well understood. Besides a positive family history, obesity and cigarette smoking are trigger factors. Early diagnosis and therapy of acne inversa saves the patient years of suffering. The most effective treatment is undoubtedly the radical wide excision of the affected areas. Local measures such as radiotherapy, photodynamic therapy and cryotherapy have provided little benefit; the same is true for systemic antibiotic treatment or hormonal therapy with anti-androgens. TNF-alpha antagonists seem to have a promising influence on the disease. Further studies investigating the effect of these substances on acne inversa are warranted.
反向性痤疮是一种慢性炎症性皮肤病，其特征为皮肤和皮下结节性炎症、瘘管形成以及排出有恶臭的分泌物。该病可导致功能障碍和心理问题。在皮肤褶皱部位，尤其是肛周、腋窝和腹股沟区域，终末毛囊会发生炎症。较少见的是乳房下、脐周、耳后或颈部受累。若不治疗，该病呈慢性且进行性发展。反向性痤疮的病因是多因素的，其发病机制仍未完全明确。除家族史阳性外，肥胖和吸烟也是触发因素。反向性痤疮的早期诊断和治疗可使患者免于多年痛苦。最有效的治疗方法无疑是对受累区域进行广泛彻底切除。局部治疗措施，如放疗、光动力疗法和冷冻疗法，效果甚微；全身抗生素治疗或使用抗雄激素的激素疗法亦是如此。肿瘤坏死因子-α拮抗剂似乎对该病有良好疗效。有必要进一步开展研究，探讨这些物质对反向性痤疮的影响。
