Farshchi H, Rane A, Love A, Kennedy R L
School of Medicine, James Cook University, Douglas, Australia.
J Obstet Gynaecol. 2007 Nov;27(8):762-73. doi: 10.1080/01443610701667338.
PCOS patients are not always markedly overweight but PCOS is strongly associated with abdominal obesity and insulin resistance. Effective approaches to nutrition and exercise improve endocrine features, reproductive function and cardiometabolic risk profile--even without marked weight loss. Recent studies allow us to make recommendations on macronutrient intake. Fat should be restricted to < or =30% of total calories with a low proportion of saturated fat. High intake of low GI carbohydrate contributes to dyslipidaemia and weight gain and also stimulates hunger and carbohydrate craving. Diet and exercise need to be tailored to the individual's needs and preferences. Calorie intake should be distributed between several meals per day with low intake from snacks and drinks. Use of drugs to either improve insulin sensitivity or to promote weight loss are justified as a short-term measure, and are most likely to be beneficial when used early in combination with diet and exercise.
多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）患者并不总是明显超重，但PCOS与腹型肥胖和胰岛素抵抗密切相关。有效的营养和运动方法可改善内分泌特征、生殖功能以及心血管代谢风险状况——即便没有显著的体重减轻。近期的研究使我们能够对常量营养素的摄入量提出建议。脂肪应限制在总热量的30%及以下，且饱和脂肪比例要低。高摄入低升糖指数碳水化合物会导致血脂异常和体重增加，还会刺激饥饿感和对碳水化合物的渴望。饮食和运动需要根据个人需求和偏好进行调整。热量摄入应分布在一天中的几餐中，零食和饮料的摄入量要低。使用药物改善胰岛素敏感性或促进体重减轻作为短期措施是合理的，并且在早期与饮食和运动联合使用时最有可能有益。
