Veeramachaneni D N Rao
Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1683, USA.
Anim Reprod Sci. 2008 Apr;105(1-2):144-57. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2007.11.020. Epub 2007 Nov 26.
A variety of so-called innocuous chemicals can have insidious and long lasting effects on the developing male reproductive system. Developmental exposures of male rabbits to common industrial contaminants in drinking water (a mixture of arsenic, chromium, lead, benzene, chloroform, phenol, and trichloroethylene); alkyl phenols (e.g. octylphenol); water disinfection by-products (e.g. dibromoacetic acid); anti-androgenic pesticides (e.g. p,p'-DDT and vinclozolin); and plasticizers (e.g. dibutyl phthalate) produce testicular dysgenesis. The lesions include testicular carcinoma in situ, also called intratubular germ cell neoplasia--the precursor lesion of germ cell tumors in men, and acrosomal dysgenesis--characterized by sharing of a dysplastic acrosome by two or more spermatids resulting in characteristic sperm acrosomal-nuclear malformations. Certain manifestations of testicular dysgenesis arch across environmental agents, and sequelae of intentional developmental exposures of rabbits duplicate what has been encountered in deer, horses, and humans for which the etiology is uncertain.
多种所谓的无害化学物质会对发育中的雄性生殖系统产生潜在且持久的影响。雄性兔子在发育过程中接触饮用水中的常见工业污染物（砷、铬、铅、苯、氯仿、苯酚和三氯乙烯的混合物）、烷基酚（如辛基酚）、水消毒副产物（如二溴乙酸）、抗雄激素农药（如p,p'-滴滴涕和乙烯菌核利）以及增塑剂（如邻苯二甲酸二丁酯）会导致睾丸发育不全。这些病变包括原位睾丸癌，也称为管内生殖细胞瘤——男性生殖细胞肿瘤的前驱病变，以及顶体发育不全——其特征是两个或更多精子细胞共用一个发育异常的顶体，导致特征性的精子顶体-细胞核畸形。睾丸发育不全的某些表现跨越了环境因素，而兔子经刻意发育暴露后的后遗症与鹿、马和人类中所遇到的情况相似，但其病因尚不确定。
