Willment Janet A, Brown Gordon D
Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Division of Immunology, CLS, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa.
Trends Microbiol. 2008 Jan;16(1):27-32. doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2007.10.012. Epub 2007 Dec 21.
Fungal infections represent a significant health burden, especially in immunocompromised individuals, yet many of the underlying immunological mechanisms involved in the recognition and control of these pathogens are unclear. The identification of the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) has shed new insights on innate microbial recognition and the initiation of immune responses; however, recent evidence indicates that the 'non-TLR' receptors also have a significant role in these processes, particularly in antifungal immunity. Of interest are members of the C-type lectin-receptor family, including the mannose receptor, dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3 (ICAM-3)-grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN), Dectin-1, Dectin-2 and the collectins. Here, we review the roles of each of these receptors, describing how they contribute to fungal recognition, uptake and killing and also participate in the induction and/or modulation of the host immune response.
真菌感染是一个重大的健康负担，尤其是在免疫功能低下的个体中，然而，参与识别和控制这些病原体的许多潜在免疫机制尚不清楚。Toll样受体（TLR）的鉴定为先天性微生物识别和免疫反应的启动提供了新的见解；然而，最近的证据表明，“非TLR”受体在这些过程中也发挥着重要作用，特别是在抗真菌免疫中。值得关注的是C型凝集素受体家族的成员，包括甘露糖受体、树突状细胞特异性细胞间粘附分子-3（ICAM-3）抓取非整合素（DC-SIGN）、脱铁素-1、脱铁素-2和collectins。在这里，我们综述了这些受体各自的作用，描述了它们如何促进真菌的识别、摄取和杀伤，以及如何参与宿主免疫反应的诱导和/或调节。
