Muthane U B, Ragothaman Mona, Gururaj G
Departments of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India.
J Assoc Physicians India. 2007 Oct;55:719-24.
Improving economy and health in developing countries like India, has increased the life span and changed the emphasis from communicable to noncommunicable diseases. This is likely to increase the prevalence of movement disorders and, age-related diseases like Parkinson's disease (PD). We review Indian epidemiological studies to describe: a) Prevalence of movement disorders, b) methodological issues and c) potential of epidemiological research in a country with multiple ethnic races and environmental risks for PD. Most Indian epidemiological studies do not specifically assess PD and figures are from studies evaluating all neurological diseases. Well-designed Indian studies on PD and essential tremors estimate prevalence rates in Parsis who are ethnically different from Indians. We compare Indian prevalence studies with other parts of the world to examine the role of ethnicity in PD. Lack of accurate epidemiological data on PD and movement disorders creates an urgent need for properly designed and conducted epidemiological studies in India. This will help find out their load, identify areas of focus, create public health policies for elderly Indians and, possibly, provide etiological clues to the pathogenesis of PD.
在印度这样的发展中国家，经济的改善和健康水平的提高延长了人们的寿命，并使疾病重点从传染病转向了非传染病。这很可能会增加运动障碍以及帕金森病（PD）等与年龄相关疾病的患病率。我们回顾印度的流行病学研究，以描述：a）运动障碍的患病率，b）方法学问题，以及c）在一个拥有多个种族且存在PD环境风险的国家进行流行病学研究的潜力。大多数印度流行病学研究并未专门评估PD，相关数据来自评估所有神经系统疾病的研究。精心设计的关于PD和特发性震颤的印度研究评估了与印度人种族不同的帕西人的患病率。我们将印度的患病率研究与世界其他地区进行比较，以探讨种族在PD中的作用。由于缺乏关于PD和运动障碍的准确流行病学数据，印度迫切需要开展设计合理、执行得当的流行病学研究。这将有助于查明它们的负担，确定重点关注领域，为印度老年人制定公共卫生政策，并可能为PD的发病机制提供病因线索。
