Todd Catherine S, Abed Abdullah M S, Strathdee Steffanie A, Scott Paul T, Botros Boulos A, Safi Naqibullah, Earhart Kenneth C
University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Emerg Infect Dis. 2007 Sep;13(9):1327-31. doi: 10.3201/eid1309.070036.
Limited prevalence data for HIV, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) exist for Afghanistan. We studied a cross-sectional sample of adult injection drug users (IDUs) in Kabul, Afghanistan, from June 2005 through June 2006. Study participants completed interviewer-administered questionnaires and underwent testing for HIV, antibody to HCV, and HBsAg. Overall prevalences of HIV, HCV, and HBsAg were 3.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.7%-5.1%), 36.6% (95% CI 32.2%-41.0%), and 6.5% (95% CI 4.2%-8.7%), respectively (N = 464). Among male IDUs (n = 463), risky behavior, including sharing syringes (50.4%), paying women for sex (76.2%), and having sex with men or boys (28.3%), were common. Needle sharing, injecting for > or = 3 years, and receiving injections from nonmedical providers were independently associated with increased risk for HCV infection. The high prevalence of risky behavior indicate that Kabul is at risk for an HIV epidemic. Scale-up of harm-reducing interventions is urgently needed.
阿富汗关于艾滋病毒、乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）的流行数据有限。我们于2005年6月至2006年6月对阿富汗喀布尔的成年注射吸毒者（IDU）进行了一项横断面抽样研究。研究参与者完成了由访谈员管理的问卷调查，并接受了艾滋病毒、丙型肝炎病毒抗体和HBsAg检测。艾滋病毒、丙型肝炎病毒和HBsAg的总体流行率分别为3.0%（95%置信区间[CI] 1.7%-5.1%）、36.6%（95%CI 32.2%-41.0%）和6.5%（95%CI 4.2%-8.7%）（N = 464）。在男性注射吸毒者（n = 463）中，危险行为很常见，包括共用注射器（50.4%）、花钱与女性发生性行为（76.2%）以及与男性或男孩发生性行为（28.3%）。共用针头、注射≥3年以及从非医疗提供者处接受注射与丙型肝炎病毒感染风险增加独立相关。危险行为的高流行率表明喀布尔面临艾滋病毒流行的风险。迫切需要扩大减少伤害干预措施。
