Aydogdu Halide, Asan Ahmet
Arda Vocational College, Trakya University, 22030, Edirne, Turkey.
Environ Monit Assess. 2008 Dec;147(1-3):423-44. doi: 10.1007/s10661-007-0130-4. Epub 2008 Feb 9.
The purpose of this study was to determine the concentration, in terms of monthly and seasonal distribution and in relation to meteorological factors, of indoor and outdoor microfungi at selected sites in several child day care centers in the city of Edirne, Turkey. Samples were collected at one month intervals over a period of 12 months between January-December 2004, by exposing petri plates containing Peptone Dextrose Agar with Rose-Bengal and Streptomycin medium to the air for 10-15 min. A total of 2,071 microfungal colonies were counted on 192 petri plates. Thirty microfungal genera (Acremonium, Alternaria, Arthrinium, Aspergillus, Bahusakala, Beauveria, Ceuthospora, Chaetomium, Cladosporium, Curvularia, Drechslera, Epicoccum, Eurotium, Fusarium, Mycotypha, Myrotechium, Paecilomyces, Penicillium, Pestalotiopsis, Phoma, Ramichloridium, Rhizopus, Scopulariopsis, Stachybotrys, Stemphylium, Torula, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Ulocladium, Verticillium) and 75 microfungal species were isolated from the air indoor and outdoor of the day care centers. The dominant microfungal genera were Cladosporium, Penicillium and Alternaria (44.11%, 18.94%, 14.67% of the total respectively), while the genus with the most species richness was Penicillium (26 species). Alternaria, Cladosporium, Penicillium and non-sporulating microfungi were found every month. Cladosporium was the dominant genus in both indoor and outdoor air. Although the predominant genus was the same in both indoor and outdoor air, Cladosporium was followed by Penicillium, Alternaria and Aspergillus genera in indoor air and by Alternaria, Penicillium and Aspergillus genera in outdoor air. While a positive correlation was found between the concentration of monthly outdoor microfungi and monthly average temperature, a negative correlation was found between the concentration of monthly outdoor microfungi and monthly average wind velocity. Also, some relationships were found between the monthly concentrations of the most predominant microfungal genera (Cladosporium, Penicillium and Alternaria) and various meteorological factors.
本研究旨在确定土耳其埃迪尔内市几家儿童日托中心选定地点室内和室外微真菌的浓度，包括按月和按季节的分布情况以及与气象因素的关系。在2004年1月至12月的12个月期间，每隔一个月采集一次样本，将含有蛋白胨葡萄糖琼脂加孟加拉玫瑰红和链霉素培养基的培养皿暴露于空气中10 - 15分钟。在192个培养皿上共计数到2071个微真菌菌落。从日托中心室内和室外空气中分离出30个微真菌属（顶孢霉属、链格孢属、节菱孢属、曲霉属、巴胡萨卡拉属、白僵菌属、尾孢属、毛壳菌属、枝孢属、弯孢属、德氏霉属、附球菌属、散囊菌属、镰刀菌属、被孢霉属、肉座菌属、拟青霉属、青霉属、拟盘多毛孢属、茎点霉属、枝顶孢属、根霉属、帚霉属、葡萄穗霉属、匍柄霉属、圆酵母属、木霉属、单端孢属、瓶霉属、轮枝孢属）和75个微真菌物种。优势微真菌属为枝孢属、青霉属和链格孢属（分别占总数的44.11%、18.94%、14.67%），而物种丰富度最高的属是青霉属（26种）。链格孢属、枝孢属、青霉属和无孢子微真菌每月均有发现。枝孢属是室内和室外空气中的优势属。虽然室内和室外空气中的优势属相同，但室内空气中枝孢属之后依次是青霉属、链格孢属和曲霉属，室外空气中依次是链格孢属、青霉属和曲霉属。虽然发现每月室外微真菌浓度与月平均温度呈正相关，但每月室外微真菌浓度与月平均风速呈负相关。此外，还发现了最主要的微真菌属（枝孢属、青霉属和链格孢属）的月浓度与各种气象因素之间的一些关系。
