Köhler Tim, Stingl Ulrich, Meuser Katja, Brune Andreas
Department of Biogeochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany.
Environ Microbiol. 2008 May;10(5):1260-70. doi: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2007.01540.x. Epub 2008 Feb 12.
Members of the phylum Planctomycetes are found in aquatic and terrestrial habitats. Here we show that the highest density of Planctomycetes in natural environments (2.6 x 10(9) cells ml(-1)) is encountered in the hindgut of soil-feeding termites (Cubitermes spp.), where they constitute up to one-third of the bacteria in the alkaline P3 compartment detected by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). A 16S-rRNA-based approach revealed that the planctomycete community is very diverse and falls into three major clusters representing novel, deeply branching lineages. Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis and FISH with cluster-specific oligonucleotide probes confirmed that most of the lineages are also present in other gut compartments, albeit in much lower numbers, but absent from the food soil. The majority of planctomycetes in the gut belong to a large clade, the 'Termite planctomycete cluster', which consists exclusively of clones from termite guts and seems to be represented in all termite species.
浮霉菌门的成员存在于水生和陆地栖息地。我们在此表明，在取食土壤的白蚁（ Cubitermes属）后肠中发现了自然环境中浮霉菌的最高密度（2.6×10⁹个细胞/毫升），通过荧光原位杂交（FISH）检测，它们在碱性P3区室的细菌中占比高达三分之一。基于16S - rRNA的方法表明，浮霉菌群落非常多样，可分为代表新的、深度分支谱系的三个主要类群。末端限制性片段长度多态性（T - RFLP）分析以及使用类群特异性寡核苷酸探针的FISH证实，大多数谱系也存在于其他肠道区室中，尽管数量要少得多，但在食物土壤中不存在。肠道中的大多数浮霉菌属于一个大的进化枝，即“白蚁浮霉菌类群”，它仅由来自白蚁肠道的克隆组成，似乎在所有白蚁物种中都有代表。
