Zeigler-Johnson Charnita M, Spangler Elaine, Jalloh Mohamed, Gueye Serigne M, Rennert Hanna, Rebbeck Timothy R
Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6021, USA.
Can J Urol. 2008 Feb;15(1):3872-82.
Disparities in prostate cancer incidence and outcomes are a hallmark of the global pattern of prostate cancer, with men of African descent suffering disproportionately from this disease. The causes of these disparities are poorly understood.
A review of the literature was undertaken to evaluate the role that genetic susceptibility may play in prostate cancer etiology and outcomes, with a particular emphasis on disparities.
The genetic contribution to prostate cancer is well established, and a number of candidate prostate cancer genes have been identified. Significant differences in the frequency of risk alleles in these genes have been identified across the major races. These allele frequency differences may in part explain an increased susceptibility to prostate cancer in some populations. In addition, non-genetic factors contribute significantly to prostate cancer disparities, and the cumulative contribution of both genetic and non-genetic factors to poor-prognosis prostate cancer may explain the poorer outcomes experienced by men of African descent.
Prostate cancer disparities are a function of genetic susceptibility as well as environment, behavior, and health care factors acting in the context of this genetic susceptibility. Elimination of global prostate cancer disparities requires a full understanding of the effects of all of these factors on prostate cancer etiology and outcomes.
前列腺癌发病率和治疗结果的差异是全球前列腺癌模式的一个标志，非洲裔男性在这种疾病中遭受的影响尤为严重。这些差异的原因尚不清楚。
对文献进行综述，以评估遗传易感性在前列腺癌病因和治疗结果中可能发挥的作用，特别强调差异。
遗传因素对前列腺癌的影响已得到充分证实，并且已经鉴定出一些候选前列腺癌基因。在主要种族中，这些基因中风险等位基因的频率存在显著差异。这些等位基因频率差异可能部分解释了某些人群中前列腺癌易感性增加的原因。此外，非遗传因素对前列腺癌差异有重大影响，遗传和非遗传因素对预后不良的前列腺癌的累积影响可能解释了非洲裔男性较差的治疗结果。
前列腺癌差异是遗传易感性以及在这种遗传易感性背景下起作用的环境、行为和医疗保健因素的函数。消除全球前列腺癌差异需要全面了解所有这些因素对前列腺癌病因和治疗结果的影响。
