Moore S M, Stalder K J, Beitz D C, Stahl C H, Fithian W A, Bregendahl K
Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
Poult Sci. 2008 Apr;87(4):665-76. doi: 10.3382/ps.2007-00184.
A study was conducted to determine the influence on broiler chicken growth and laying hen performance of chemical and physical traits of corn kernels from different hybrids. A total of 720 male 1-d-old Ross-308 broiler chicks were allotted to floor pens in 2 replicated experiments with a randomized complete block design. A total of 240 fifty-two-week-old Hy-Line W-36 laying hens were allotted to cages in a randomized complete block design. Corn-soybean meal diets were formulated for 3 broiler growth phases and one 14-wk-long laying hen phase to be marginally deficient in Lys and TSAA to allow for the detection of differences or correlations attributable to corn kernel chemical or physical traits. The broiler chicken diets were also marginally deficient in Ca and nonphytate P. Within a phase, corn- and soybean-based diets containing equal amounts of 1 of 6 different corn hybrids were formulated. The corn hybrids were selected to vary widely in chemical and physical traits. Feed consumption and BW were recorded for broiler chickens every 2 wk from 0 to 6 wk of age. Egg production was recorded daily, and feed consumption and egg weights were recorded weekly for laying hens between 53 and 67 wk of age. Physical and chemical composition of kernels was correlated with performance measures by multivariate ANOVA. Chemical and physical kernel traits were weakly correlated with performance in broiler chickens from 0 to 2 wk of age (P<0.05, | r |<0.42). However, from 4 to 6 wk of age and 0 to 6 wk of age, only kernel chemical traits were correlated with broiler chicken performance (P<0.05, | r |<0.29). From 53 to 67 wk of age, correlations were observed between both kernel physical and chemical traits and laying hen performance (P<0.05, | r |<0.34). In both experiments, the correlations of performance measures with individual kernel chemical and physical traits for any single kernel trait were not large enough to base corn hybrid selection on for feeding poultry.
开展了一项研究，以确定不同杂交种玉米粒的化学和物理特性对肉鸡生长及蛋鸡生产性能的影响。在2次重复试验中，将总共720只1日龄罗斯308雄性肉鸡分配到地面围栏中，采用随机完全区组设计。将总共240只52周龄海兰W-36蛋鸡分配到笼中，采用随机完全区组设计。针对3个肉鸡生长阶段和一个为期14周的蛋鸡阶段，配制了玉米-豆粕型日粮，使其赖氨酸和总含硫氨基酸略低于需求量，以便能够检测出因玉米粒化学或物理特性导致的差异或相关性。肉鸡日粮的钙和非植酸磷含量也略低于需求量。在一个阶段内，配制了以玉米和大豆为基础、含有等量6种不同玉米杂交种之一的日粮。所选玉米杂交种在化学和物理特性方面差异很大。从0至6周龄，每2周记录一次肉鸡的采食量和体重。每日记录蛋鸡的产蛋量，在53至67周龄期间，每周记录蛋鸡的采食量和蛋重。通过多变量方差分析，将玉米粒的物理和化学组成与生产性能指标进行关联。玉米粒的化学和物理特性与0至2周龄肉鸡的生产性能弱相关（P<0.05，|r|<0.42）。然而，在4至6周龄和0至6周龄时，只有玉米粒的化学特性与肉鸡生产性能相关（P<0.05，|r|<0.29）。在53至67周龄时，观察到玉米粒的物理和化学特性与蛋鸡生产性能之间存在相关性（P<0.05，|r|<0.34）。在两项试验中，对于任何单个玉米粒性状，生产性能指标与单个玉米粒化学和物理特性之间的相关性都不够大，不足以将其作为选择用于饲喂家禽的玉米杂交种的依据。
