O'Donnell Lydia, Stueve Ann, Duran Richard, Myint-U Athi, Agronick Gail, San Doval Alexi, Wilson-Simmons Renée
Health and Human Development Programs, Education Development Center, Inc., Newton, Massachusetts 02458, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 2008 May;42(5):496-502. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2007.10.008. Epub 2008 Jan 31.
In urban economically distressed communities, high rates of early sexual initiation combined with alcohol use place adolescent girls at risk for myriad negative health consequences. This article reports on the extent to which parents of young teens underestimate both the risks their daughters are exposed to and the considerable influence that they have over their children's decisions and behaviors.
Surveys were conducted with more than 700 sixth-grade girls and their parents, recruited from seven New York City schools serving low-income families. Bivariate and multivariate analyses examined relationships among parents' practices and perceptions of daughters' risks, girls' reports of parenting, and outcomes of girls' alcohol use, media and peer conduct, and heterosexual romantic and social behaviors that typically precede sexual intercourse.
Although only four parents thought that their daughters had used alcohol, 22% of the daughters reported drinking in the past year. Approximately 5% of parents thought that daughters had hugged and kissed a boy for a long time or had "hung out" with older boys, whereas 38% of girls reported these behaviors. Parents' underestimation of risk was correlated with lower reports of positive parenting practices by daughters. In multivariate analyses, girls' reports of parental oversight, rules, and disapproval of risk are associated with all three behavioral outcomes. Adult reports of parenting practices are associated with girls' conduct and heterosexual behaviors, but not with their alcohol use.
Creating greater awareness of the early onset of risk behaviors among urban adolescent girls is important for fostering positive parenting practices, which in turn may help parents to support their daughters' healthier choices.
在城市经济困难社区，过早开始性行为与饮酒的高发生率使青春期女孩面临众多负面健康后果的风险。本文报告了青少年的父母在多大程度上低估了其女儿所面临的风险以及他们对孩子的决策和行为所具有的相当大的影响力。
对从纽约市七所服务低收入家庭的学校招募的700多名六年级女孩及其父母进行了调查。双变量和多变量分析研究了父母的做法与对女儿风险的认知、女孩对养育方式的报告以及女孩饮酒、媒体和同伴行为以及通常在性交之前的异性浪漫和社交行为结果之间的关系。
虽然只有四位家长认为他们的女儿饮酒，但22%的女儿报告在过去一年中饮酒。约5%的家长认为女儿曾与男孩长时间拥抱亲吻或与年龄较大的男孩“出去玩”，而38%的女孩报告有这些行为。父母对风险的低估与女儿对积极养育方式的较低报告相关。在多变量分析中，女孩对父母监督、规则以及对风险不赞成的报告与所有三种行为结果相关。成年人对养育方式的报告与女孩的行为和异性行为相关，但与她们的饮酒行为无关。
提高城市青春期女孩对风险行为早发的认识对于培养积极的养育方式很重要，这反过来可能有助于父母支持女儿做出更健康的选择。
