Storbeck Justin, Clore Gerald L
University of Virginia, USA.
Emotion. 2008 Apr;8(2):208-15. doi: 10.1037/1528-3542.8.2.208.
Semantic and affective priming are classic effects observed in cognitive and social psychology, respectively. The authors discovered that affect regulates such priming effects. In Experiment 1, positive and negative moods were induced before one of three priming tasks; evaluation, categorization, or lexical decision. As predicted, positive affect led to both affective priming (evaluation task) and semantic priming (category and lexical decision tasks). However, negative affect inhibited such effects. In Experiment 2, participants in their natural affective state completed the same priming tasks as in Experiment 1. As expected, affective priming (evaluation task) and category priming (categorization and lexical decision tasks) were observed in such resting affective states. Hence, the authors conclude that negative affect inhibits semantic and affective priming. These results support recent theoretical models, which suggest that positive affect promotes associations among strong and weak concepts, and that negative affect impairs such associations (Clore & Storbeck, 2006; Kuhl, 2000).
语义启动和情感启动分别是认知心理学和社会心理学中观察到的经典效应。作者发现情感会调节这种启动效应。在实验1中，在三项启动任务（评价、分类或词汇判断）之一之前诱发积极和消极情绪。正如预测的那样，积极情感导致了情感启动（评价任务）和语义启动（分类和词汇判断任务）。然而，消极情感抑制了这些效应。在实验2中，处于自然情感状态的参与者完成了与实验1相同的启动任务。正如预期的那样，在这种静息情感状态下观察到了情感启动（评价任务）和类别启动（分类和词汇判断任务）。因此，作者得出结论，消极情感会抑制语义启动和情感启动。这些结果支持了最近的理论模型，这些模型表明积极情感促进强弱概念之间的联想，而消极情感会损害这种联想（克洛尔和斯托贝克，2006年；库尔，2000年）。
