Hambleton Sophie, Steinberg Sharon P, Larussa Philip S, Shapiro Eugene D, Gershon Anne A
Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA.
J Infect Dis. 2008 Mar 1;197 Suppl 2:S196-9. doi: 10.1086/522131.
A program of routine varicella vaccination of children 12-18 months of age, begun in the United States in 1995, has been very successful in reducing the incidence of varicella. Varicella-zoster virus (VZV), in both wild-type and live attenuated forms, is notable for its ability to produce latent infection of sensory neurons from which it can later reactivate to cause herpes zoster (HZ). Therefore, the effects of vaccination on this secondary VZV-related disease are important to consider; in practice, however, such studies are complicated by the typically long delay between acquisition of the virus and its reactivation. Studies of immunocompromised children have shown that vaccination is relatively protective against HZ in this highly vulnerable group. We now present long-term follow-up data on a group of individuals who received varicella vaccine as healthy young adults 10-26 years ago and who have been followed prospectively by means of active surveillance. Among some 2000 person-years of follow-up, 2 cases of HZ have occurred, for a rate of 1.00 case/1000 person-years. Overall, the incidence of HZ in this cohort, therefore, is similar to published data for the US population in the prevaccine era.
1995年在美国开始实施的一项针对12至18个月大儿童的常规水痘疫苗接种计划，在降低水痘发病率方面非常成功。野生型和减毒活形式的水痘带状疱疹病毒（VZV），以其能够在感觉神经元中产生潜伏感染并随后重新激活导致带状疱疹（HZ）的能力而著称。因此，考虑疫苗接种对这种与VZV相关的继发性疾病的影响很重要；然而，在实际中，此类研究因病毒感染与重新激活之间通常存在较长延迟而变得复杂。对免疫功能低下儿童的研究表明，疫苗接种对这一高度脆弱群体的HZ具有相对的保护作用。我们现在展示一组个体的长期随访数据，这些个体在10至26年前作为健康的年轻人接种了水痘疫苗，并通过主动监测进行了前瞻性随访。在约2000人年的随访中，发生了2例HZ，发病率为1.00例/1000人年。因此，总体而言，该队列中HZ的发病率与疫苗接种前时代美国人群的已发表数据相似。
