Duyck Wouter, Brysbaert Marc
Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Exp Psychol. 2008;55(2):102-12. doi: 10.1027/1618-3169.55.2.102.
The revised hierarchical model of bilingualism (e.g., Kroll & Stewart, 1994) assumes that second language (L2) words primarily access semantics through their first language (L1) translation equivalents. Consequently, backward translation from L2 to L1 should not imply semantic access but occurs through lexical wordform associations. However, recent research with Dutch-French bilinguals showed that both backward and forward translation of number words yields a semantic number magnitude effect (Duyck & Brysbaert, 2004), providing evidence for strong form-to-meaning mappings of L2 number words. In two number-word translation experiments with Dutch-English-German trilinguals, the present study investigated whether semantic access in L1-L2 and L1-L3 number-word translation depends on lexical similarity of the languages involved. We found that backward translation from these more similar language pairs to L1 still yields a semantic magnitude effect, whereas forward translation does not, in contrast with the Dutch-French results of Duyck and Brysbaert (2004). We argue against a dual route model of word translation and suggest that the degree of semantic activation in translation depends on lexical form overlap between translation equivalents.
双语修订层级模型（例如，克罗尔和斯图尔特，1994年）假定，第二语言（L2）词汇主要通过其第一语言（L1）的对等翻译词来获取语义。因此，从L2到L1的反向翻译不应意味着语义通达，而是通过词汇词形关联来发生。然而，最近针对荷兰语 - 法语双语者的研究表明，数字词的正向和反向翻译都会产生语义数字大小效应（戴克和布莱斯巴特，2004年），这为L2数字词的强形式到意义映射提供了证据。在两项针对荷兰语 - 英语 - 德语三语者的数字词翻译实验中，本研究调查了L1 - L2和L1 - L3数字词翻译中的语义通达是否取决于所涉及语言的词汇相似性。我们发现，从这些更相似的语言对到L1的反向翻译仍然会产生语义大小效应，而正向翻译则不会，这与戴克和布莱斯巴特（2004年）的荷兰语 - 法语研究结果相反。我们反对单词翻译的双重路径模型，并认为翻译中语义激活的程度取决于对等翻译词之间的词汇形式重叠。
