Vaucheret Hervé
Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), 78026 Versailles Cedex, France.
Trends Plant Sci. 2008 Jul;13(7):350-8. doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2008.04.007. Epub 2008 May 26.
ARGONAUTE (AGO) proteins are integral players in all known small RNA-directed regulatory pathways. Eukaryotes produce numerous types of small RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNA), small interfering RNAs (siRNA), PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), scanRNAs and 21U-RNAs, and these RNA species associate with different types of AGO family members, such as AGO, PIWI and group 3 proteins. Small RNA-guided AGO proteins regulate gene expression at various levels, including internal genomic DNA sequence elimination (in ciliates), translational repression (animals), and RNA cleavage (all eukaryotes), which in some cases is followed by DNA methylation and chromatin remodeling. The plant model species Arabidopsis contains ten AGO proteins belonging to three phylogenetic clades. This review covers our current knowledge of plant AGO functions during miRNA- and siRNA-mediated regulation of development and stress responses, siRNA-mediated antiviral immune response, and siRNA-mediated regulation of chromatin structure and transposons.
AGO（Argonaute）蛋白是所有已知的小RNA指导的调控途径中的核心参与者。真核生物产生多种类型的小RNA，如微小RNA（miRNA）、小干扰RNA（siRNA）、PIWI相互作用RNA（piRNA）、扫描RNA和21U-RNA，这些RNA种类与不同类型的AGO家族成员相关联，如AGO、PIWI和第3组蛋白。小RNA指导的AGO蛋白在多个水平上调节基因表达，包括内部基因组DNA序列消除（在纤毛虫中）、翻译抑制（动物中）和RNA切割（所有真核生物中），在某些情况下，随后会发生DNA甲基化和染色质重塑。植物模式物种拟南芥含有属于三个系统发育分支的十种AGO蛋白。本综述涵盖了我们目前对植物AGO在miRNA和siRNA介导的发育和应激反应调控、siRNA介导的抗病毒免疫反应以及siRNA介导的染色质结构和转座子调控过程中的功能的认识。
