Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Division of Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine and AIDS, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2008 May 28;2(5):e225. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000225.
Pentamidine has a long history in the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) and leishmaniasis. Early guidelines on the dosage of pentamidine were based on the base-moiety of the two different formulations available. Confusion on the dosage of pentamidine arose from a different labelling of the two available products, either based on the salt or base moiety available in the preparation. We provide an overview of the various guidelines concerning HAT and leishmaniasis over the past decades and show the confusion in the calculation of the dosage of pentamidine in these guidelines and the subsequent published reports on clinical trials and reviews. At present, only pentamidine isethionate is available, but the advised dosage for HAT and leishmaniasis is (historically) based on the amount of pentamidine base. In the treatment of leishmaniasis this is probably resulting in a subtherapeutic treatment. There is thus a need for a new, more transparent and concise guideline concerning the dosage of pentamidine, at least in the treatment of HAT and leishmaniasis.
戊烷脒在治疗非洲人类锥虫病（HAT）和利什曼病方面有着悠久的历史。早期关于戊烷脒剂量的指南是基于两种不同制剂的碱基部分。由于两种现有产品的标签不同，戊烷脒的剂量产生了混淆，要么基于制剂中可用的盐基部分，要么基于碱基部分。我们概述了过去几十年中关于 HAT 和利什曼病的各种指南，并展示了这些指南中戊烷脒剂量计算的混乱，以及随后在临床试验和综述中发表的报告。目前，只有戊烷脒乙二磺酸盐可用，但 HAT 和利什曼病的建议剂量（历史上）是基于戊烷脒碱基的量。在治疗利什曼病时，这可能导致治疗效果不佳。因此，至少在治疗 HAT 和利什曼病方面，需要一个新的、更透明和简洁的关于戊烷脒剂量的指南。
