Niin Enel, Laine M, Guiot A L, Demerson J M, Cliquet F
Veterinary and Food Board of Estonia (VFB), Väike Paala Street 3, 11415 Tallinn, Estonia, France.
Vaccine. 2008 Jul 4;26(29-30):3556-65. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.04.056. Epub 2008 May 12.
Despite the extermination of stray animals and the compulsory vaccination of companion animals, rabies has been widely distributed over Estonia for more than 30 years. The red fox and the raccoon dog are the rabies virus reservoirs. Through a PHARE project, successive oral vaccination campaigns, using Rabidog SAG2 baits, were implemented in the autumn of 2005 in North Estonia, and in the spring and autumn 2006 throughout the whole territory. After the autumn 2005 campaign, 73.5% of the raccoon dogs and foxes were positive for the tetracycline biomarker. After the campaigns of 2006, the seroconversion rate for rabies virus was 64% in both species. After the vaccination campaigns of 2005 and 2006, the incidence of rabies cases dramatically decreased. Of the 97 cases diagnosed in the whole of Estonia until the end of May 2006, 16 cases (16.5%) occurred within the vaccinated area. Only 17 cases were diagnosed between 1 June and 31 December 2006. In 2007, by the end of May, only two rabies cases have been registered.
尽管开展了流浪动物扑杀和伴侣动物强制免疫工作，但狂犬病在爱沙尼亚广泛传播已超过30年。赤狐和貉是狂犬病病毒的储存宿主。通过一个法尔计划项目，2005年秋季在爱沙尼亚北部开展了连续的口服疫苗接种活动，使用Rabidog SAG2诱饵，2006年春季和秋季在全境开展了此项活动。2005年秋季活动后，73.5%的貉和狐狸的四环素生物标志物呈阳性。2006年活动后，两种动物的狂犬病病毒血清转化率均为64%。2005年和2006年疫苗接种活动后，狂犬病病例的发病率大幅下降。截至2006年5月底，爱沙尼亚全境共诊断出97例病例，其中16例（16.5%）发生在接种区域内。2006年6月1日至12月31日期间仅诊断出17例病例。2007年截至5月底，仅登记了2例狂犬病病例。
