Esteve-Lanao Jonathan, Rhea Matthew R, Fleck Steven J, Lucia Alejandro
European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
J Strength Cond Res. 2008 Jul;22(4):1176-83. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31816a861f.
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a running-specific, periodized strength training program (performed over the specific period [8 weeks] of a 16-week macrocycle) on endurance-trained runners' capacity to maintain stride length during running bouts at competitive speeds. Eighteen well-trained middle-distance runners completed the study (personal bests for 1500 and 5000 m of 3 minutes 57 seconds +/- 12 seconds and 15 minutes 24 seconds +/- 36 seconds). They were randomly assigned to each of the following groups (6 per group): periodized strength group, performing a periodized strength training program over the 8-week specific (intervention) period (2 sessions per week); nonperiodized strength group, performing the same strength training exercises as the periodized group over the specific period but with no week-to-week variations; and a control group, performing no strength training at all during the specific period. The percentage of loss in the stride length (cm)/speed (m.s) (SLS) ratio was measured by comparing the mean SLS during the first and third (last) group of the total repetitions, respectively, included in each of the interval training sessions performed at race speeds during the competition period that followed the specific period. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were found in mean percentage of SLS loss between the 3 study groups, with the periodized strength group showing no significant SLS change (0.36 +/- 0.95%) and the 2 other groups showing a moderate or high SLS loss (-1.22 +/- 1.5% and -3.05 +/- 1.2% for the nonperiodized strength and control groups, respectively). In conclusion, periodized, running-specific strength training minimizes the loss of stride length that typically occurs in endurance runners during fatiguing running bouts.
本研究的目的是确定一项针对跑步的、周期性力量训练计划（在16周大周期的特定时期[8周]内进行）对耐力训练的跑步者在以比赛速度进行跑步训练时保持步幅长度能力的影响。18名训练有素的中长跑运动员完成了该研究（1500米个人最好成绩为3分57秒±12秒，5000米个人最好成绩为15分24秒±36秒）。他们被随机分配到以下各组（每组6人）：周期性力量训练组，在8周的特定（干预）时期内进行周期性力量训练计划（每周2次训练）；非周期性力量训练组，在特定时期内进行与周期性力量训练组相同的力量训练练习，但没有每周的变化；以及对照组，在特定时期内完全不进行力量训练。通过比较特定时期后的比赛期间，在比赛速度下进行的每组间歇训练中，第一组和第三组（最后一组）总重复次数期间的平均步幅长度/速度（SLS）比值，来测量步幅长度（厘米）/速度（米/秒）（SLS）比值的损失百分比。在3个研究组之间，SLS损失的平均百分比存在显著差异（p<0.05），周期性力量训练组的SLS没有显著变化（0.36±0.95%），而其他两组则显示出中度或高度的SLS损失（非周期性力量训练组和对照组分别为-1.22±1.5%和-3.05±1.2%）。总之，针对跑步的、周期性力量训练可将耐力跑者在疲劳跑步训练中通常出现的步幅长度损失降至最低。
