Internal and external quality control in the toxicological analysis of blood and urine samples in the Federal Republic of Germany.

Due to a technical rule for dangerous agents (TRGS 410), issued by the Ministry of Labor in the Federal Republic of Germany in 1979, toxicological analyses in biological materials must be carried out under conditions of "statistical quality control". This quality-control scheme provides internal and external control programmes. For internal quality control, the results of many years of experience with five commercially available control specimens and one "home-made" control have been evaluated. The control samples showed good, comparable results over a long period. Except in a few cases, there was good agreement between our results and the assigned values. Since 1982, the German Society of Occupational Medicine has offered eight intercomparison programmes for external quality. In samples from 80-90 laboratories, 6 metals in blood and around 20 inorganic and organic parameters in urine in 2 concentration adjustments have been analysed. Successful participation was certified if both results obtained for one parameter were within the tolerance range (assigned value +/- 3 SD). The average success rate was around 60%.