Cebović Tatyana, Spasić Slavica, Popović Mira
Biochemistry Department, School of Medicine, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
Phytother Res. 2008 Aug;22(8):1097-103. doi: 10.1002/ptr.2464.
To date most pharmacological studies on mistletoe (Viscum album L.) have focused on the therapeutic properties of its polar extracts. This study examined the non-polar constituents of Viscum album and their biological activities. Supercritical CO(2) extraction coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was used to selectively extract and identify compounds in Viscum album leaves. Several non-polar classes of compounds were identified in the extract. In addition, a volatile fraction was identified that contained several novel terpene molecules. The hypothesis was tested that the Viscum album extract exhibits cytotoxic properties in Ehrlich carcinoma (EAC) cells in vivo due to the induction of oxidative stress. A significant reduction in the incidence of cancer was observed in all groups that received the Viscum album extract compared with the EAC control group. The largest decrease was observed in mice pretreated with the Viscum album extract, although significantly reduced numbers of EAC cells were also observed in animals with developed carcinoma. The activities of antioxidative enzymes in the EAC cells suggested the absence of oxidative stress. However, changes in the antioxidative enzymes activities observed after administration of the Viscum album extract might be due to the induction of oxidative stress in the EAC cells.
迄今为止，大多数关于槲寄生（欧洲槲寄生）的药理学研究都集中在其极性提取物的治疗特性上。本研究考察了欧洲槲寄生的非极性成分及其生物活性。采用超临界CO₂萃取结合气相色谱/质谱联用（GC/MS）技术，选择性地提取并鉴定欧洲槲寄生叶片中的化合物。提取物中鉴定出了几类非极性化合物。此外，还鉴定出了一个挥发性组分，其中含有几种新型萜类分子。本研究验证了这样一个假说：欧洲槲寄生提取物在体内对艾氏癌（EAC）细胞具有细胞毒性，是由于诱导了氧化应激。与EAC对照组相比，在所有接受欧洲槲寄生提取物的组中，癌症发病率均显著降低。在用欧洲槲寄生提取物预处理的小鼠中观察到最大降幅，不过在已患癌的动物中也观察到EAC细胞数量显著减少。EAC细胞中抗氧化酶的活性表明不存在氧化应激。然而，给予欧洲槲寄生提取物后观察到的抗氧化酶活性变化，可能是由于EAC细胞中氧化应激的诱导所致。
