Basić-Zaninović T, Papes D, Franekić J
Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Zagreb, Yugoslavia.
Mutat Res. 1991 Aug;263(4):203-10. doi: 10.1016/0165-7992(91)90002-l.
The aim of this study was to investigate if there was any genotoxic effect produced by the antibiotic cycloheximide, widely used as a fungicide in agriculture as well as in everyday laboratory practice. The battery of test systems included the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium (strains TA98 and TA100), the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (D7), Allium cepa somatic cells and mouse bone marrow cells. This combination of test systems enabled us to establish possible effects caused by cycloheximide at different levels of the genome and to indicate a possible mechanism of action. The results obtained in experiments showed that cycloheximide did not induce frameshift or base-pair substitution mutations in S. typhimurium regardless of metabolic activation. In S. cerevisiae cycloheximide had only toxic effects but no increase of mitotic gene conversion was noticed under the conditions of the experiment. However, in A. cepa somatic cells as well as in mouse bone marrow cells cycloheximide showed its activity causing different genetic damages, e.g., chromosome breaks, mitotic disturbances and nuclear abnormalities.
本研究的目的是调查广泛应用于农业及日常实验室操作中作为杀菌剂的抗生素放线菌酮是否会产生任何遗传毒性效应。测试系统组合包括鼠伤寒沙门氏菌（TA98和TA100菌株）、酿酒酵母（D7）、洋葱体细胞和小鼠骨髓细胞。这种测试系统的组合使我们能够确定放线菌酮在基因组不同水平上可能产生的效应，并指出可能的作用机制。实验获得的结果表明，无论有无代谢活化作用，放线菌酮均未在鼠伤寒沙门氏菌中诱导移码突变或碱基对替代突变。在酿酒酵母中，放线菌酮仅具有毒性作用，但在实验条件下未观察到有丝分裂基因转换增加。然而，在洋葱体细胞和小鼠骨髓细胞中，放线菌酮表现出其活性，可导致不同的遗传损伤，如染色体断裂、有丝分裂紊乱和核异常。
