Vicente Joaquín, Höfle Ursula, Garrido Joseba M, Fernández-De-Mera Isabel G, Juste Ramón, Barral Marta, Gortazar Christian
IREC Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13080 Ciudad Real, Spain.
Vet Res. 2006 Jan-Feb;37(1):107-19. doi: 10.1051/vetres:2005044.
We describe the distribution of tuberculosis-like lesions (TBL) in wild boar (Sus scrofa) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) in Spain. Animals with TBL were confirmed in 84.21% of mixed populations (n=57) of red deer and wild boar and in 75% of populations of wild boar alone (n=8) in central and southern Spain (core area). The prevalence of TBL declined towards the periphery of this region. In the core area, the prevalence ranged up to 100% in local populations of wild boar (mean estate prevalence 42.51%) and up to 50% in red deer (mean estate prevalence 13.70%). We carried out exploratory statistical analyses to describe the epidemiology of TBL in both species throughout the core area. Prevalence of TBL increased with age in both species. Wild boar and red deer mean TBL prevalence at the estate level were positively associated, and lesion scores were consistently higher in wild boars than in red deer. The wild boar prevalence of TBL in wild boar did not differ between populations that were or were not cohabiting with red deer. Amongst the wild boars with TBL, 61.19% presented generalized lesions, and the proportion of generalized cases was similar between sex and age classes. In red deer, 57.14% of TBL-positive individuals presented generalized lesions, and the percentage of generalized cases increased with age class, but did not differ between the sexes. These results highlight the potential importance of wild boar and red deer in the maintenance of tuberculosis in south central Spain.
我们描述了西班牙野猪（Sus scrofa）和马鹿（Cervus elaphus）中结核样病变（TBL）的分布情况。在西班牙中部和南部（核心区域），84.21%的马鹿与野猪混合种群（n = 57）以及75%的单独野猪种群（n = 8）中发现了患有TBL的动物。TBL的患病率在该地区周边呈下降趋势。在核心区域，野猪局部种群中TBL的患病率高达100%（平均地产患病率42.51%），马鹿中高达50%（平均地产患病率13.70%）。我们进行了探索性统计分析，以描述整个核心区域这两个物种中TBL的流行病学情况。两个物种中TBL的患病率均随年龄增长而增加。野猪和马鹿在地产水平上的平均TBL患病率呈正相关，并且野猪的病变评分始终高于马鹿。与马鹿同居或不同居的野猪种群中，TBL在野猪中的患病率没有差异。在患有TBL的野猪中，61.19%出现全身性病变，全身性病例的比例在性别和年龄组之间相似。在马鹿中，57.14%的TBL阳性个体出现全身性病变，全身性病例的百分比随年龄组增加，但在性别之间没有差异。这些结果突出了野猪和马鹿在西班牙中南部结核病传播中的潜在重要性。
