视觉的起源：一段探索之旅。
How vision begins: an odyssey.
作者信息
Luo Dong-Gen, Xue Tian, Yau King-Wai
机构信息
Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
出版信息
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Jul 22;105(29):9855-62. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0708405105. Epub 2008 Jul 16.
Retinal rods and cones, which are the front-end light detectors in the eye, achieve wonders together by being able to signal single-photon absorption and yet also able to adjust their function to brightness changes spanning 10(9)-fold. How these cells detect light is now quite well understood. Not surprising for almost any biological process, the intial step of seeing reveals a rich complexity as the probing goes deeper. The odyssey continues, but the knowledge gained so far is already nothing short of remarkable in qualitative and quantitative detail. It has also indirectly opened up the mystery of odorant sensing. Basic science aside, clinical ophthalmology has benefited tremendously from this endeavor as well. This article begins by recapitulating the key developments in this understanding from the mid-1960s to the late 1980s, during which period the advances were particularly rapid and fit for an intricate detective story. It then highlights some details discovered more recently, followed by a comparison between rods and cones.
视网膜视杆细胞和视锥细胞是眼睛前端的光探测器，它们共同创造了奇迹，既能发出单光子吸收信号，又能将其功能调整以适应跨越10⁹倍的亮度变化。目前，我们已经相当清楚这些细胞是如何检测光线的。对于几乎任何生物过程来说，随着研究的深入，视觉的初始步骤都展现出丰富的复杂性，这并不奇怪。探索仍在继续，但就定性和定量细节而言，迄今所获得的知识已经堪称卓越。它还间接地揭开了嗅觉传感的谜团。撇开基础科学不谈，临床眼科也从这项研究中受益匪浅。本文首先回顾了从20世纪60年代中期到80年代末在这一认识上的关键进展，在此期间进展尤为迅速，宛如一个错综复杂的侦探故事。接着突出了一些最近发现的细节，随后对视杆细胞和视锥细胞进行了比较。
Zotero 插件