Capadona Jeffrey R, Van Den Berg Otto, Capadona Lynn A, Schroeter Michael, Rowan Stuart J, Tyler Dustin J, Weder Christoph
Nat Nanotechnol. 2007 Dec;2(12):765-9. doi: 10.1038/nnano.2007.379. Epub 2007 Nov 25.
The incorporation of nanoparticles into polymers is a design approach that is used in many areas of materials science. The concept is attractive because it enables the creation of materials with new or improved properties by mixing multiple constituents and exploiting synergistic effects. One important technological thrust is the development of structural materials with improved mechanical and thermal characteristics. Equally intriguing is the possibility to design functional materials with unique optical or electronic properties, catalytic activity or selective permeation. The broad technological exploitation of polymer nanocomposites is, however, stifled by the lack of effective methods to control nanoparticle dispersion. We report a simple and versatile process for the formation of homogeneous polymer/nanofibre composites. The approach is based on the formation of a three-dimensional template of well-individualized nanofibres, which is filled with any polymer of choice. We demonstrate that this template approach is broadly applicable and allows for the fabrication of otherwise inaccessible nanocomposites of immiscible components.
将纳米颗粒掺入聚合物中是一种在材料科学的许多领域都有应用的设计方法。这一概念很有吸引力，因为通过混合多种成分并利用协同效应，它能够创造出具有新特性或改进特性的材料。一个重要的技术方向是开发具有改善的机械和热性能的结构材料。同样引人关注的是设计具有独特光学或电子特性、催化活性或选择性渗透的功能材料的可能性。然而，聚合物纳米复合材料的广泛技术应用因缺乏控制纳米颗粒分散的有效方法而受到阻碍。我们报道了一种形成均匀聚合物/纳米纤维复合材料的简单通用方法。该方法基于形成一个由高度个体化的纳米纤维构成的三维模板，并用任何选定的聚合物填充该模板。我们证明这种模板方法具有广泛的适用性，并且能够制造出用其他方法难以制备的不相容组分的纳米复合材料。
