Duval G, Michault A, Baranton G, Law-Koune J D, Folio G, Bertil G, Guiserix J
Unité de Réanimation, Hôpital Rothschild, Paris.
Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 1991;39(2):135-41.
In order to evaluate the prevalence of human leptospirosis in Reunion island and to identify possible risk factors, a study was realised on a representative population sample of 3.338 persons. The prevalence of leptospirosis, diagnosed by ELISA and confirmed by Micro Agglutination Test, was 1.1%. Male predominance and higher prevalence in rainy parts of the island, were confirmed. It has not been possible to display risk factors such as housing conditions or professional exercise. The serological repartition showed not only icterohaemorrhagiae serovar, but also canicola, panama and sejroe, especially in women. These results, compared with clinical studies (showing nearly exclusive male repartition, in agricultural workers, due to icterohaemorrhagiae serovar), confirm the double look of human leptospirosis in Reunion island: clinical leptospirosis, severe, concerning males, often countrymen, due to icterohaemorrhagiae serovar, and infraclinical leptospirosis, concerning principally females, which is a domestic illness, due to other serovars.
为了评估留尼汪岛人感染钩端螺旋体病的患病率并确定可能的风险因素，对3338人的代表性人群样本进行了一项研究。通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）诊断并经微量凝集试验确认的钩端螺旋体病患病率为1.1%。研究证实了男性患病率较高以及该岛多雨地区患病率更高的情况。目前尚无法显示诸如住房条件或职业活动等风险因素。血清学分布显示，不仅有出血性黄疸型血清型，还有犬型、巴拿马型和爪哇型血清型，尤其是在女性中。这些结果与临床研究（显示在农业工人中几乎仅为男性发病，由出血性黄疸型血清型引起）相比，证实了留尼汪岛人感染钩端螺旋体病的双重表现：临床钩端螺旋体病，病情严重，主要累及男性，通常为乡下人，由出血性黄疸型血清型引起；亚临床钩端螺旋体病，主要累及女性，是一种家庭性疾病，由其他血清型引起。
