Salado Ignacio Ramírez, García Ana Paula Rivera, Aguilar Manuel Alejandro Cruz, Calvo José María
Departamento de Cronobiología, División de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. México-Xochimilco 101, Col. Sn Lorenzo Huipulco, 14370, México, D.F. Mexico.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2008 Oct 1;32(7):1688-97. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2008.07.004. Epub 2008 Jul 15.
In order to explore the possible inhibitory role of the phasic phenomena of REM sleep ponto-geniculo-occipital (PGO) waves over epilepsy, seizure activity produced by topic administration of Na-penicillin (PCN) has been analyzed during sustained PGO waves irrespective of current state. PGO waves were induced by the injection of carbachol in the peribrachial area.
The development of acute experimental epilepsy was compared among nine chronically implanted, adult, male cats, by means of polygraphic 23 h recordings. Our protocol consisted of sets of 4 trials: carbachol; PCN; carbachol followed by PCN and finally PCN followed by carbachol. Each cat received one single set and all trials were carried out with a seven days interval, in order to compare the epileptic activity both in the presence of PGOs and without them.
PGO waves 1) exert an inhibitory influence over number and duration of the Generalized Convulsive Seizures (GCSs) and 2) spike frequency; 3) increase the latency of GCSs; and 4) restores sleep alterations produced by experimental epilepsy.
PGO waves exhibit an inhibitory influence over seizures induced by PCN. These data support the hypothesis that this phasic phenomenon of REM sleep have a depressant effect on epilepsy, inhibit seizures and normalize sleep architecture changes induced by seizures. We suggest that one possible function of PGO activity is to protect the brain from intense changes in neuronal excitability; namely convulsive activity.
为了探究快速眼动睡眠期脑桥-膝状体-枕叶（PGO）波的时相现象对癫痫可能的抑制作用，在持续的PGO波期间，无论当前状态如何，分析了局部注射青霉素钠（PCN）所产生的癫痫发作活动。通过在臂周区域注射卡巴胆碱来诱发PGO波。
通过23小时的多导记录，比较了9只慢性植入电极的成年雄性猫急性实验性癫痫的发展情况。我们的实验方案包括4组试验：卡巴胆碱；PCN；先注射卡巴胆碱后注射PCN，最后先注射PCN后注射卡巴胆碱。每只猫接受一组试验，所有试验间隔7天进行，以便比较有PGO波和无PGO波时的癫痫活动。
PGO波1）对全身性惊厥发作（GCSs）的次数和持续时间产生抑制作用；2）降低棘波频率；3）增加GCSs的潜伏期；4）恢复实验性癫痫所致的睡眠改变。
PGO波对PCN诱发的癫痫发作具有抑制作用。这些数据支持以下假设，即快速眼动睡眠期的这种时相现象对癫痫具有抑制作用，可抑制癫痫发作并使癫痫发作引起的睡眠结构变化恢复正常。我们认为，PGO活动的一个可能功能是保护大脑免受神经元兴奋性的剧烈变化，即惊厥活动的影响。
